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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered...

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Since organised healthcare systems first emerged, societies have faced recurring challenges relating to access, coordination, public trust, and the maintenance of shared services. Over time, these challenges have expanded (18) __________, including electronic records, insurance platforms, telemedicine networks, and mobile health applications. Today, healthcare is becoming “smarter” through the integration of artificial intelligence, wearable connectivity, and the Internet of Medical Things, allowing health data to be collected and transmitted continuously.

A digital health ecosystem relies on extensive networks of platforms and connected devices to gather information about both patients and services. These systems support applications that enable patients and medical staff to book appointments, access health records, and (19) __________. One prominent area of development is remote monitoring, where alert systems help clinicians respond to real-time indicators in order to reduce avoidable hospital visits and prioritise urgent care. Technologies such as smartwatches, glucose monitors, and home diagnostic kits further illustrate how connectivity can reshape preventive medicine (20) __________.

Digital care coordination is another core feature of connected healthcare, particularly through the use of shared records and remote follow-up systems. These tools provide real-time information on symptoms, improve continuity of care, and support earlier intervention when conditions worsen. (21) __________. Even pharmacies are becoming increasingly networked, using automated refill systems and digital reminders to monitor adherence. Despite these advantages, the extensive use of health data raises serious concerns about privacy and security, (22) __________.

[Adapted in modern science and technology readings]

Question 18:

A. as modern healthcare has come to depend on complex digital infrastructure

B. despite the complex infrastructure on which modern healthcare has depended

C. by depending on the complexity of modern healthcare infrastructure

D. without the complexity of infrastructure that modern healthcare depends on

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