Question 4: A. that all B. all which C. all of which D. all of them

URBANISATION: KEY PRESSURES ON CITY LIFE

Population and Land Use: As cities spread outward, farmland at the edge is often cleared for housing and roads. This process creates a rising demand for water, electricity, and public (7) __________.

Infrastructure Strain: A considerable (8) __________ of investment is still required before outer districts can cope with larger populations. In several areas, traffic has worsened, and some basic facilities remain unevenly distributed.

Social and Spatial Change: (9) __________ the uneven pace of development across neighbourhoods, access to schools and hospitals is not always equal. Some older streets have been widened, while (10) __________ have kept their original layout.

Long-term Concerns: If city authorities fail to (11) __________ stricter land-use rules, urban growth may become less efficient and more socially (12) __________.

IDENTITY CURATION
What Your Digital Self Quietly Says

Snapshot: Identity curation is no longer a celebrity habit. It is now a daily practice in digital life, with traces appearing across apps, chats, portfolios, and public comments.

What matters

• A profile photo, tone of reply, and even a late-night joke can shape how others read you. What seems casual today may become part of a (1) __________ tomorrow.
• Smart curation does not mean pretending. It means learning to (2) __________ a balance between honesty and discretion.
• Posting in anger often leads to regret, while a short pause usually results in more (3) __________ choices.

Practical signs

• Review captions, tagged photos, and short bios, (4) __________ may be examined by future employers before a formal introduction ever takes place.
• Your online presence should tie (5) __________ your values you want others to remember.
• Over time, these small decisions create a reputation that is far harder (6) __________ once public trust has been damaged.