Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Stop Rage Bait Today!

⮚        "Social media creators" and "(1)_________ online content" are two important nouns and adjectives that clearly show the serious problem we face on the internet every day. Many people (2)_________ use social media every day do not know about rage bait.

⮚        Content that is created to elicit anger or (3)_________ from users gets many more clicks and comments than normal posts on social media platforms. Users should (4)_________ this kind of content and stop sharing it with friends and family members on their social media accounts.

⮚        (5)_________ divisive content and some harmful information are shared on these platforms every single day, affecting millions of people. We need to find out about this problem (6)_________ many young people and their families every day.

❖        Learn to recognize rage bait. Think before you click. Share responsibility online.

https://apnews.com/tc

Question 1:A. dangerously
B.  dangerous                         C. danger                                D. dangerify

Question 2:A. which
B.  who
C.  whom
D.  whose

Question 3:A. engagement
B.  empathy
C.  outrage 
D.  frustration

Question 4:A. stay away from
B.  keep away from                

C.  back away from
D.  turn away from

Question 5:A. A great deal of
B.  A lot        of
C.  A couple of
D.  A number of

Question 6:A. affecting
B.  was affected        
C.  which affected
D.  had affected

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

SWITCH TO PULSE-RICH DIETS TODAY!

⮚        The Problem: Meat prices in UK supermarkets have increased very quickly. Between 2020 and 2025, beef prices doubled, and lamb became much more expensive. The other side (7)_________ the coin is that beans and lentils stayed affordable.

❖        Why? There is a severe shortage of (8)_________!

⮚        Climate change, bad weather, and animal diseases have reduced the food for livestock. Farmers now sell fewer animals, so meat prices go up and up.

⮚        Good News for Your Wallet: Plant-based (9)_________ are now cheaper than meat! Vegetarian chicken Kyiv and tofu are good choices.

❖        Why Choose Beans and Lentils?

⮚        (10)_________ 96% of British adults do not eat enough fiber, eating (11)_________ diets can help you stay healthy and save money!

❖        Many shoppers are changing their habits:

⮚        Some families buy pork instead of beef now, while others choose beans and lentils. (12)_________ good option is tofu products.

❖        Don't worry—there is a solution!

⮚        In the face of rising meat prices, eat more beans, lentils, and plant-based foods. Your health and your bank account will thank you!

https://www.thetimes.com/tc

Question 7:A. with
B.  for
C.  of
D.  in

Question 8:A. livestock
B.  grain
C.  supply
D.  forage

Question 9:A. food products convenience
B.  convenience food products

C.  convenience products food
D.  products food convenience 

Question 10:A. Because
B.  In spite of
C.  Moreover
D.  Nor

Question 11:A. fiber-rich
B.  pulse-rich
C.  whole-grain
D.  plant-based

Question 12:A. Others
B.  The others
C.  Another
D.  Other

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

A.         Sarah: Yes! The street is nice for people to meet!

B.         Tom: Good design makes good friends!

C.         Tom: Look! A new bench here! Now I can sit and talk to you, Sarah.

A.  b-a-c        
B.  c-a-b
C.  c-b-a        
D.  a-b-c

Question 14:

A.         Ana: We help them because when animals are happy, the world is good, and people are happy too.

B.         Ana: Hello Mike, I love animals and plants because they are alive, and we must help them.

C.         Mike: Why do we help plants and animals when we can just help people?

D.         Ana: Thank you, Mike, because you care for all life, and our world will be better!

e.        Mike: That is true, and I understand now, so I will plant a tree and use less plastic.

A.  a-d-e-c-b
B.  b-c-a-e-d
C.  b-a-d-e-c
D.  e-c-b-a-d

Question 15:

Dear James,

A.         Since we care about our planet, we should travel slowly and respect nature always.

B.         I am writing to you because I think slow travel is wonderful for ecotourism.

C.         If you stay longer in one place, you learn about local culture, and you reduce pollution.

D.         Although fast travel is quick, slow travel is better because we have time to enjoy beautiful things.

e.        When we travel slowly, we can see nature better, and we help protect the environment.

Best regards,

K

A.  a-d-c-e-b
B.  b-e-c-d-a
C.  e-d-b-c-a
D.  d-e-c-b-a

Question 16:

A.         This principle helps people because it saves money and keeps us healthy. If we stop problems now, we do not need to fix them later.

B.         This principle is important since many things harm our planet slowly. Although we cannot see the damage today, we must act fast, and we must be careful.

C.         In conclusion, this idea is good for our world, so all nations should use it, and they should make strong laws. Because we need clean air and clean water, we must protect nature today.

D.         The precautionary principle is a good idea because it helps us protect nature. If something is bad for the environment, we should stop it now, and we do not need to wait.

e.        When governments use this idea, they make new rules, and they stop bad activities in factories. Because pollution is dangerous, companies must change their work, or they will have problems.

A.  e-a-b-d-c        
B.  b-d-a-e-c
C.  a-e-d-b-c
D.  d-b-e-a-c

Question 17:

A.         Singing in a choir is good because it brings people together from different families. Although people have different ages and backgrounds, they all work as one team, and they help each other.

B.         Community choirs give people confidence because singing helps them forget their problems. If a person feels sad or lonely, singing with others makes them feel better, and it brings joy to their life.

C.         Community choirs are groups of people who sing together, and they help make society better. When many people sing at the same time, they feel happy, and they create beautiful music together.

D.         In conclusion, community choirs are very important for social harmony, so cities should support them, and they should help more people join. Because singing brings people together, we need more choirs today.

e.        When people sing together, they learn to trust each other, and they become good friends. Since everyone must sing in the right way, they respect one another, and they work hard together.

A.  c-b-a-e-d
B.  c-e-d-a-b
C.  c-a-e-b-d
D.  c-d-b-a-e

Read the following passage about Virtual Reality and Addiction and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

A recent study looked at whether virtual reality is more addictive than other online activities. The researchers asked 754 people (18)_________. They found that between 2% and 20% of these users had serious problems with using VR too much. The exact number depended on how they measured addiction, (19)_________. This information helps us understand the real risks.

The most interesting finding was about something called "presence." This is the special feeling that you are actually inside the virtual world instead of in the real room. The study showed that this feeling was very strongly connected to addiction problems and bad behavior. People who felt more present in the virtual environment (20)_________. This was the most important factor that predicted addiction and problematic use.

If virtual reality becomes even more realistic in the future, (21)_________. This means more people might develop addiction problems. Scientists say we need to do more research over a longer period of time; (22)_________. Long-term studies are very important; therefore, researchers should track how immersive experiences affect people's mental health and habits. The scientists recommend creating programs to help prevent addiction while we continue learning.

https://www.frontiersin.org/mk

Question 18:

A.  use AR occasionally to explore surveys about general technology trends

B.  who use VR regularly to answer questions about their habits and screen time

C.  use VR mainly for entertainment rather than reporting their screen habits

D.  who test new devices but do not report on their own usage patterns

Question 19:

A.  but these results were similar to what they found with regular games and social media

B.  but these results were similar only among participants with minimal prior VR exposure

C.  but these results were similar in trend rather than in actual addiction severity

D.  but these results were similar to earlier findings unrelated to recreational digital media

Question 20:

A.  were much more likely to use VR too much and spend too many hours

B.  which were more likely to use VR too much and spend too many hours

C.  who were much more likely to use VR too much and spend too many hours

D.  having been much more likely to use VR too much and spend too many hours

Question 21:

A.  the level of engagement will probably remain quite stable

B.  the sense of immersion will probably decline rather quickly

C.  the feeling of presence will probably become even stronger

D.  the awareness of interaction will probably become less important

Question 22:

A.  therefore, researchers should draw conclusions from current usage patterns alone

B.  moreover, we need to watch how people's behavior changes as VR technology improves

C.  conversely, ongoing adoption trends deserve no further systematic observation

D.  instead, specialists may disregard evolving user conduct entirely

Read the following passage about SATELLITES AND SPACE OBSERVATION and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

A NASA study warns about a serious problem facing astronomy today. Thousands of satellites are now in Earth's orbit, and this number will grow to hundreds of thousands soon. These satellites reflect sunlight and emit heat into space. This causes light pollution that damages images taken by space telescopes. Scientists are worried about how this will affect our ability to study the universe and explore distant objects in space.

The problem affects many important telescopes. The Hubble Space Telescope may have 40% of its images affected by satellite interference. Newer telescopes like SPHEREx and ARRAKIHS could have problems with up to 96% of their observations. This is a serious issue because these telescopes help scientists make important discoveries. When satellite trails appear in telescope images, it becomes much harder to see faint stars and galaxies clearly.

Researchers cannot easily find distant galaxies, planets around other stars, or dangerous asteroids near Earth because of this satellite pollution. The contamination from these objects creates major problems for astronomical research. Scientists waste time and money trying to clean data or repeat observations. This situation threatens the future of space-based astronomy and our ability to make new discoveries about our universe and space.

Scientists suggest several solutions to fix this problem. Satellites should be placed in lower orbits or better locations. They should be designed to reflect less light. Computer programs can help remove satellite marks from images. Most importantly, countries need international rules for using Earth's orbit. This shared space should not be used for unlimited commercial purposes. Working together is essential to protect astronomy's future.

https://physicsworld.com/tc

Question 23: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a proposed solution?

A.  Placing satellites in lower orbits or better locations

B.  Developing new space telescopes with advanced technology

C.  Designing satellites to reflect less light

D.  Creating international rules for using Earth's orbit

Question 24: The word “emit” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  release                                        B. produce                                        C. reflect                                        D. absorb

Question 25: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A.  satellite trails

B.  telescope images

C.  satellite interference

D.  the task of seeing faint stars and galaxies clearly

Question 26: The word “contamination” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _________.

A.  interference                                B. disruption                                        C. pollution                                        D. disturbance

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Commercial use of Earth's orbit should be restricted to prevent unlimited business exploitation.

B.  Businesses should not be allowed unlimited freedom to exploit the shared orbital space.

C.  International rules are needed to limit how commercial companies use Earth's orbital area.

D.  Satellite operators must have permission before placing any commercial objects in Earth's orbit.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  Modern telescopes like SPHEREx experience less satellite interference than older telescopes such as Hubble Space Telescope.

B.  Computer programs have been developed that completely eliminate satellite trails from all images taken by space telescopes.

C.  Heat emission from satellites causes more serious light pollution for telescopes than reflected sunlight does today.

D.  International cooperation and proper regulations are essential for protecting the future of space-based astronomical research.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention why satellites are causing problems for space telescopes?

A.  Paragraph 4                                B. Paragraph 3                                C. Paragraph 2                                D. Paragraph 1

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention what two examples of newer telescopes could be affected by satellites?

A.  Paragraph 2                                B. Paragraph 4                                C. Paragraph 1                                D. Paragraph 3

Read the following passage about the THE RIGHT TO REPAIR MOVEMENT: A NEW ERA FOR CONSUMERS and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Right to Repair movement has finally won important battles against companies that control product servicing. After years of hard work, 2023 brought major legal victories in North America and Europe. [I] People were tired of paying high prices for repairs at official service centers. Now, expensive manufacturer-controlled fixing is becoming a thing of the past as governments recognize that consumers should be able to repair their own electronics and household items. This change will affect how we think about owning products, protecting the environment, and using technology.

In the United States, several states have created new laws to help consumers. New York, Minnesota, and California passed "Digital Fair Repair" laws that require companies to share the same parts, tools, and instructions with regular customers and independent repair shops that they give to authorized centers. This means regular people can now fix their devices without going to expensive official stores. [II] Colorado made similar rules for farm equipment, while Maine did the same for car data. In Canada, Quebec banned planned obsolescence and created repair rights for consumer goods. These examples show how North American governments are solving this problem in different ways.

European Union rules have gone even further with their requirements. New standards require minimum repairability for smartphones and tablets, long-term access to spare parts and software updates, modular design, and eventually batteries that users can replace themselves. [III] The EU's "common charger" rule makes USB-C required for many products, which reduces electronic waste and makes repairs easier. These actions show the EU's strong focus on environmental protection and helping consumers through clear technical rules.

[IV] Nineteen American states have introduced over thirty-five new bills, while the EU is preparing laptop repair standards and broader rules covering washing machines, refrigerators, televisions, and computers beyond warranty periods. These changes should increase competition in repair markets, make products last longer, reduce electronic waste, and create repair jobs. However, real success depends on whether manufacturers actually design products that are easy to fix and whether governments enforce these new consumer rights effectively.

https://www.ifixit.com/tc

Question 31: The phrase “a thing of the past” in paragraph 1 has the closest meaning to _________.

A.  die out                                        B. take over                                        C. carry on                                        D. bring about

Question 32: According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned as benefits EXCEPT _________.

A.  Making products last for longer periods

B.  Reducing the amount of electronic waste

C.  Lowering the prices of new electronic devices

D.  Creating more jobs in the repair industry

Question 33: Where in the paragraph does the following sentence best fit?

The coming years promise even greater progress for repair rights.

A. [I]
B. [II]
C. [III]
D. [IV]

Question 34: The word “obsolescence” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  innovation                                B. efficiency                                        C. accessibility                                D. durability

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A.  The EU standardized charging systems and created basic repair guidelines to reduce waste and help consumers.

B.  European rules require companies to provide repair services, prioritizing corporate responsibility over environmental concerns.

C.  The EU introduced moderate repair standards for electronics, allowing manufacturers significant flexibility in product design.

D.  The EU established comprehensive repairability standards, combining environmental protection with consumer rights through technical requirements.

Question 36: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to _________.

A.  manufacturers

B.  European Union rules

C.  consumers

D.  governments

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  The reforms should boost repair competition, extend product life, cut e-waste, and create repair jobs.

B.  The reforms should improve authorized repairs, extend warranties, cut e-waste, and create technical jobs.

C.  The reforms should support repair shops, ensure permanent functionality, eliminate e-waste, and establish jobs.

D.  The reforms should enhance service availability, maximize usage periods, reduce manufacturing waste, and develop jobs.

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  The Digital Fair Repair laws provide repair resources exclusively to independent shops rather than individual consumers themselves.

B.  The EU's common charger rule has already made all smartphone batteries user-replaceable across all member states.

C.  Quebec's legislation primarily focuses on farm equipment and automotive data, following Colorado and Maine's sector-specific approach.

D.  The passage suggests meaningful repair success requires both manufacturer design cooperation and effective government enforcement.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  Prior to these laws, manufacturers likely restricted repair material access to maintain profitable control over their servicing markets.

B.  The European Union's comprehensive regulatory approach has proven significantly more effective than North America's fragmented state-by-state strategies.

C.  Consumer demand for repairs exceeded manufacturer servicing capacity, thereby necessitating government regulations to authorize independent repair shops.

D.  Most electronics manufacturers voluntarily supported these repair regulations after recognizing their significant environmental sustainability and consumer benefits.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  The passage describes the Right to Repair movement's legislative victories across North America and Europe in 2023, with various jurisdictions establishing comprehensive consumer protection standards.

B.  The passage contrasts regional approaches to repair legislation, with North American state-level initiatives differing significantly from the European Union's comprehensive technical and environmental requirements.

C.  The passage outlines Right to Repair's 2023 victories in North America and Europe, plus ongoing expansion, while emphasizing that success requires both manufacturer cooperation and effective enforcement.

D.  The passage details consumer frustration with expensive manufacturer-controlled repairs that prompted new legislation requiring repair access, potentially creating significant economic and environmental benefits.