Read the following passage about the Navigating Metropolitan Challenges and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate th...
Đề bài
Read the following passage about the Navigating Metropolitan Challenges and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Contemporary urbanization represents humanity's most transformative demographic shift, with metropolitan areas accommodating over half the global populace. This phenomenon particularly hits close to home for developing nations experiencing unprecedented rural-to-urban migration. Such massive concentration creates paradoxical circumstances where cities simultaneously embody prosperity aspirations and harbor profound health vulnerabilities. [I] Inadequate infrastructure, deteriorating environmental conditions, and socioeconomic disparities converge to generate complex wellness challenges that transcend traditional healthcare boundaries.
Metropolitan residents confront a triple burden comprising infectious pathogens, chronic ailments, and violence-related trauma. Atmospheric contamination, substandard sanitation facilities, and nutritional insecurity disproportionately afflict impoverished neighborhoods, perpetuating health inequities. [II] Dense settlements lacking proper ventilation facilitate disease transmission, while industrial emissions exacerbate respiratory disorders. Furthermore, limited recreational spaces and sedentary lifestyles contribute to obesity epidemics, diabetes prevalence, and cardiovascular complications among urban dwellers, requiring comprehensive intervention strategies.
WHO advocates integrated approaches, embedding wellness considerations into municipal planning frameworks. Effective interventions encompass improving water quality, establishing sustainable transportation networks, enhancing emergency preparedness, and promoting nutritious dietary patterns. [III] Cross-sectoral collaboration proves indispensable, requiring synchronized efforts among healthcare providers, urban planners, environmental specialists, and policymakers. These partnerships facilitate evidence-based initiatives addressing structural determinants, including housing standards, occupational safety, and educational accessibility, that fundamentally influence their population's well-being.
Ultimately, transforming metropolitan centers into engines of health necessitates paradigm shifts in governance priorities. Monitoring key indicators, strengthening institutional capacities, and ensuring equitable resource distribution remain paramount. Successfully addressing urbanization's health implications demands recognizing that medical services alone cannot overcome systemic challenges. [IV] Rather, comprehensive solutions must tackle underlying social, environmental, and economic factors through coordinated multi-stakeholder engagement, thereby creating resilient communities capable of sustaining healthy lifestyles amid rapid demographic transitions.
https://www.who.int/am
Question 31: The phrase “hits close to home” in paragraph 1 has the closest meaning to _________.
A. comes down to B. gets through to C. lives up to D. catches up with
