Read the following passage about Climate Justice and Island Nations' Survival at COP30 and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet...
Đề bài
Read the following passage about Climate Justice and Island Nations' Survival at COP30 and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
The unprecedented climate summit in Belém has crystallized a stark reality: (18)_________. Representatives from vulnerable archipelagos articulated their desperation with unprecedented candor, emphasizing that temperature thresholds constitute survival parameters rather than abstract scientific benchmarks. Should global temperatures breach the 1.5°C threshold, catastrophic consequences would inevitably ensue for low-lying territories. Hurricane Melissa's devastating impact on Jamaica exemplified these escalating perils; the unprecedented meteorological phenomenon obliterated centuries-old ecclesiastical structures while generating economic devastation equivalent to approximately one-third of the national GDP.
(19)_________, which reflects profound moral imperatives. Toiata Apelu-Uili's journey from Samoa symbolized collective resilience among Pacific populations whose ancestral homelands face submersion beneath rising oceanic levels. The increasingly frequent extreme weather events demonstrate irrefutable evidence of anthropogenic climate modification; these phenomena threaten cultural heritage alongside contemporary infrastructure. According to scientific projections, irreversible glacial melting processes will be triggered, and sea-level elevation rates (20)_________.
António Guterres characterized inadequate climate action as constituting moral negligence, highlighting governmental accountability regarding vulnerable populations. If island nations, (21)_________, prioritize survival over economic considerations, this fundamental shift reframes international climate discourse entirely. Contemporary environmental challenges demand immediate mitigation strategies rather than protracted deliberations. For these geographically isolated communities, climate adaptation represents neither negotiable policy options nor theoretical frameworks (22)_________.
https://www.theguardian.com/lk
Question 18:
A. despite industrial corporations establishing comprehensive manufacturing infrastructure across numerous global business sectors
B. while healthcare professionals implement innovative treatment procedures throughout various metropolitan hospital systems
C. major educational institutions experience significant academic challenges but require sustainable funding mechanisms
D. small island developing states confront existential threats that transcend conventional diplomatic negotiations