Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered...
Đề bài
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Friendship is often perceived as an effortless and intuitive bond, (18) ______. Traditionally, researchers have approached friendship through the social exchange framework which conceptualizes relationships as transactional systems of reciprocal benefit. Within this theoretical approach, individuals are thought to sustain bonds only insofar as the anticipated benefits exceed the costs or at least (19) ______. However, such a utilitarian lens neglects the emotional depth and moral dimensions that define authentic human connection.
Recent scholarship advocates for a paradigm shift toward the risk-pooling model (20) ______. Anthropological evidence from societies such as the Maasai of East Africa, who form lifelong osotua partnerships, and ranching communities in the American Southwest demonstrates that people often assist friends during unpredictable hardships without expectation of repayment. (21) ______.
Empirical findings further suggest that traits such as loyalty, dependability, and emotional presence outweigh transactional fairness in determining the perceived quality of friendship. (22) ________. In an increasingly uncertain world, cultivating such emotionally committed and risk-pooling relationships may not only enhance psychological well-being but also fortify collective resilience, echoing the cooperative strategies that once ensured our species’ survival.
(Adapted from https://theconversation.com)
Question 18:
A. but uncovers the intricate interplay of emotional, cognitive, and ethical dimensions within it.
B. yet rigorous psychological investigation reveals its emotional, cognitive, and moral complexity.
C. and careful psychological analysis uncovers its sentimental, mental, and normative intricacy.
D. so meticulous psychological investigation discloses its emotional, reasoning, and ethical depth.