Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered...
Đề bài
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 12 to 17.
Papermaking originated in ancient China during the Han Dynasty, revolutionizing how information was recorded and shared. (12) _______. This knowledge remained closely guarded for centuries, giving Chinese scholars and administrators a significant advantage in documentation and communication.
The technique gradually spread westward along the Silk Road through trade and cultural exchange. (13) _______. These craftsmen established workshops in major cities, adapting the process to local materials and needs while maintaining the core principles of the craft.
By the 12th century, paper mills had appeared across Europe, transforming intellectual life on the continent. (14) _______. The availability of this affordable writing material enabled the Renaissance and the subsequent explosion of printed literature.
The impact of papermaking on global civilization cannot be overstated. (15) _______. From scientific journals to personal letters, paper became the primary medium for human expression and record-keeping for nearly a millennium.
Modern technology has introduced digital alternatives, yet paper remains essential in many contexts. (16) _______. This enduring relevance demonstrates how a simple invention can fundamentally shape human society across centuries and cultures.
(Adapted from history.com, “Silk Road Trade Goods”)
Question 12. A. Chinese officials zealously guarded the proprietary methodologies employed in creating this valuable commodity from foreign acquisition
B. Proprietary methodologies remained concealed by Chinese officials, who prevented foreigners from accessing techniques for valuable material creation
C. Foreigners were systematically prevented from acquiring valuable materials, as Chinese officials safeguarded proprietary methodologies from external learning
D. Valuable materials emerged from proprietary techniques, access to which Chinese officials denied foreign entities