Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

As the world grapples with environmental degradation and dwindling natural resources, green agriculture has come to the fore as a game-changer for sustainable growth. Vietnam, blessed with fertile soil and a strong farming tradition, (1) ________, both of which provide a solid foundation for sustainable agricultural development. The government's efforts to roll out policies promoting organic farming and circular economy models have paid off, breathing new life into rural areas. (2) ________.

One shining example of this transformation can be seen in the VietGAP-certified pineapple production model in Phu Loc. Farmers have learned to cut down on chemical inputs, adopt eco-friendly practices, and make the most of local resources. With the City Farmers’ Association joining hands with Que Lam Group, farmers are encouraged to think outside the box, adopt innovative practices, (3) ________. This hands-on cooperation has enabled many households to get the hang of organic farming and turn over a new leaf economically.

(4) ________. Old habits die hard, and many farmers remain hesitant to break away from the tried and tested methods. To keep things moving, the Association has stepped in with training courses, financial support, and technical guidance. (5) ________: like drip irrigation, smart farming, and waste recycling, while authorities are paving the way for a green revolution that not only boosts productivity but also protects the environment for generations to come.

(Adapted from vtv.vn)

Question 1:

A. be intended to move from quantity-driven output to quality-driven output
B. is striving to shift from quantity-oriented to quality-driven production
C. to work towards shifting production from quantity-driven to quality-driven
D. the move from quantity-oriented to quality-oriented production is being pursued

Question 2:

A. This shift not only safeguards biodiversity but also lays the groundwork for a resilient agricultural future
B. Laying the foundation for a resilient agricultural future, this shift doesn't protect biodiversity as well
C. Protecting biodiversity is crucial, and at the same time, this change sets the stage for sustainable agriculture
D. Not only safeguards biodiversity but also establishes the basis for a resilient agricultural future this shift

Question 3:
A. among that traditional wisdom is integrated with modern techniques
B. each of which combines traditional wisdom with modern techniques
C. each technique incorporates both traditional wisdom and modern methods
D. all of them blend traditional wisdom with contemporary approaches

Question 4:
A. Nevertheless, shifting away from conventional practices doesn't happen overnight
B. Away from conventional practices, shifting doesn't happen overnight, nevertheless
C. It is a gradual process, notwithstanding, altering conventional practices
D. Change, however, away from conventional practices, is not immediate

Question 5:
A. So determined are farmers to master sustainable practices
B. Because farmers are learning to implement sustainable practices
C. Farmers get to grips with sustainable practices
D. Farmers become familiar with sustainability, so

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 13.

The rapid expansion of satellite launches has transformed Earth’s orbit into an increasingly congested environment. In the past year alone, more than 400 satellites were sent into space, far surpassing the annual average of the previous decade. This surge includes ambitious plans from major companies to deploy vast constellations, each numbering in the hundreds or thousands. While such missions promise improved communications and global coverage, the sheer number of satellites heightens the risk of collisions and the creation of hazardous debris.

The dangers of space debris are not hypothetical. A notable incident occurred when an active US commercial satellite collided with an inactive Russian satellite, producing thousands of high-speed fragments. These remnants now threaten other spacecraft in low Earth orbit, an area that extends up to 2,000 kilometres above the planet. With about 20,000 human-made objects already in orbit, operators must balance collision avoidance with conserving fuel and ensuring their satellites fulfil their intended missions.

To address the growing hazard, international bodies and research teams are developing improved monitoring and management strategies. The Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee, for example, advises deactivating satellites at the end of their lifespan and ensuring re-entry within 25 years to burn up in the atmosphere. Despite such guidelines, compliance remains inconsistent, with only about half of missions meeting this target. Some companies pledge to act responsibly, yet if a firm fails or declares bankruptcy, they may not remove obsolete satellites, leaving them as long-term risks in orbit.

Accurate tracking is at the core of effective space traffic management. Scientists aim to locate debris with extreme precision, reducing unnecessary manoeuvres and preventing false collision alerts. However, there is currently no single, authoritative catalogue of all space objects, and existing records can conflict, showing different orbits for the same item. Space environmentalists warn that without reliable data and stronger regulations, orbital space could reach a point where it becomes unusable for future generations, turning a shared resource into a dangerous and inaccessible zone.

(Adapted from nativespeaker.vn)

Question 6: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an outcome or effect of the recent surge in satellite launches?

A. Higher costs for satellite construction and launch
B. Increased risk of satellite collisions
C. Greater likelihood of hazardous space debris creation
D. Enhanced global communications coverage

Question 7: The word hypothetical in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

A. imaginary B. theoretical C. supposed D. actual

Question 8: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. At this time, a comprehensive but non-official listing of all objects in orbit does not exist, and existing information can conflict, presenting multiple orbits for a single object.

B. There is currently no single definitive record of most space objects, and available data may contradict one another, showing that a single item appears in different orbital paths.

C. Currently, there is no universally recognized catalogue of space objects, and inconsistencies in available records can display differing orbital paths for the same item.

D. At present, no single official database exists for all space objects, and existing records are generally consistent, indicating that the same object is reported in different orbits.

Question 9: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. A collision between a US and Russian satellite created thousands of dangerous fragments in orbit.
B. Operators have unlimited fuel reserves, so avoiding collisions does not affect their satellite missions.
C. Only a few dozen satellites were launched last year, and no company has plans to deploy large constellations.
D. Scientists rely on approximate tracking of debris to allow for more flexible satellite manoeuvres and tolerate minor collision risks.

Question 10: The word pledge in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ______.

A. question B. promise C. refuse D. withdraw

Question 11: The word their in paragraph 2 refers to ______.

A. remnants B. high-speed fragments
C. human-made object D. operators

Question 12: Which paragraph mentions recommendations for managing obsolete satellites?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Question 13: Which paragraph mentions a warning about the future usability of orbital space?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 14 to 18.

Question 14:

A. A few years ago, I volunteered for a year in a rural village where access to healthcare was severely limited.

B. This transformative experience led me to pursue a career in public health, dedicated to addressing health disparities in underserved areas.

C. The experience forced me to confront the systemic inequalities that exist in global healthcare, and I began to understand the role of preventative measures in improving quality of life.

D. The villagers, despite their adversities, exhibited an incredible sense of resilience, and I learned from them the importance of resourcefulness in the face of scarcity.

e. The lack of basic medical infrastructure was shocking, and it became apparent that many of the health issues faced by the community could be easily addressed with proper resources and education.

(Adapted from National Geographic)

A. c–e–d–a–b B. a–e–c–d–b C. e–a–d–c–b D. a–b–d–e–c

Question 15:

A.  Liam: That’s right! It’s quite different from how we celebrate New Year’s Eve in the UK, where fireworks and countdown parties are the main highlights.

B.  Anna: I heard that in Vietnam, people celebrate the Lunar New Year with family reunions and lots of traditional food.

C.  Liam: Yes, and they also give lucky money to children, which we don’t usually do here.

D.  Anna: I find it fascinating that Vietnamese people clean their houses before Tết to sweep away bad luck.

e. Anna: It’s amazing how each culture has its own unique traditions to welcome the new year.

(Adapted from Vietnamnews)

A. b–a–d–c–e B. b–c–e–d–a C. a–e–d–b–c D. a–d–e–c–b

Question 16:

Hi Sam,

A. The race was intense, but I felt so energized by the incredible atmosphere and support from the crowd.

B. Winning this race was such a proud moment for me, and it felt amazing to achieve something I had worked hard for.

C. I’m already looking forward to next year’s race and hope to do even better!

D. As I pushed through the final stretch, I couldn’t believe I was crossing the finish line first.

e. I wanted to share some exciting news with you – I participated in the city’s running competition last weekend and won first place!

Warm regards,
Kote

(Adapted from Breaking News English)

A. b–d–a–e–c B. e–a–d–b–c C. a–b–e–c–d D. e–b–a–c–d

Question 17:

A. When young people have a clear sense of who they are, they are more likely to make thoughtful decisions and build stronger self-confidence.

B. Personal identity is extremely important for today’s youth as it helps them understand their values, beliefs, and aspirations in a fast-paced and often confusing world.

C. In this way, personal identity not only shapes individual growth but also contributes to a more inclusive and respectful society.

D. Moreover, embracing one’s unique identity promotes emotional well-being and encourages empathy towards others with different backgrounds.

e. It also allows them to resist negative peer pressure and stay true to their principles, even when faced with challenges.

(Adapted from VOA Learning English)

A. b–a–e–d–c B. c–d–a–b–e C. b–d–a–e–c D. c–e–b–d–a

Question 18:

A.  Jake: Alice, I’ve always wondered, how do you find time for all your hobbies with your busy schedule?

B.  Jake: That’s a great way to balance everything. I’ve been thinking of dedicating more time to reading, but it’s hard to find the energy after a long workday.

C.  Alice: Well, I try to prioritize them, even if it’s just a small amount of time each day. I love painting, so I usually do that for 30 minutes in the evening to unwind.

(Adapted from Listen a minute)

A. b–a–c B. a–c–b C. a–b–c D. c–a–b

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 19 to 28.

In recent years, middle-aged workers in Vietnam have faced growing uncertainty as economic instability and business restructuring have resulted in widespread layoffs across various industries. [I] Many experienced professionals, once confident in their job security, are now being dismissed unexpectedly, often with minimal notice. Tri Nguyen, a deputy factory director in Ho Chi Minh City, was one such case—terminated just before the Lunar New Year despite holding a senior position. His story reflects a wider pattern, as even long-term, loyal employees are being let go due to dwindling orders, financial constraints, and shifting corporate strategies.

Tri had already lost his previous job in 2022 but chose to focus on personal development instead of rushing into another role. However, when he began searching again in mid-2023, he discovered that opportunities had become far more limited, and competition was fierce. Numerous applicants were willing to accept lower pay, and his age placed him at a disadvantage, even in interviews where he reached the final round. [II] After securing a new role, he was shocked to get the sack again just five months later, prompting a much quicker return to job hunting, driven by the fear of prolonged unemployment.

This employment crisis is not limited to manufacturing or to one individual. [III] Having spent three decades in the workforce, Hung had hoped for relief, but instead faced anxiety, financial strain, and a perceived loss of respect from those around him. The psychological weight of becoming jobless at an older age, especially when peers continue to work, adds a unique kind of burden.

Nevertheless, some older professionals are choosing to adapt rather than withdraw. A single mother named Hong Anh, after losing her position, spent the Tet holiday learning new skills, reengaging with industry trends, and building online professional connections. That proactive mindset helped her secure a probationary role shortly after. Tri, too, is transforming his career path by earning advanced certifications and enrolling in a CEO course to pivot into executive leadership or represent foreign firms. [IV] With age and experience come both challenges and advantages, but adaptability, resilience, and the willingness to evolve remain crucial for surviving today’s volatile job market.

(Adapted from VnExpress)

Question 19: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

"Nguyen The Hung, a 53-year-old construction engineer from Hanoi, resigned due to a lack of projects and shrinking income but was overwhelmed by emotional distress and a sense of social detachment."

A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 20: The phrase get the sack in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ______.

A. have no idea B. be fired from a job
C. show a commitment D. receive a promotion

Question 21: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the paragraph as a kind of feeling Hung faced after three decades in the workforce?

A. Feeling of unease B. Financial strain C. Positive outlook D. Sense of diminished esteem

Question 22: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 4?

A. Limited job prospects and dwindling desire to work in demanding fields are pushing experienced workers towards premature retirement.

B. Middle-aged workers are taking proactive steps like retraining and networking to remain relevant in a rapidly changing job market.

C. Based on the examples of Hong Anh and Tri, family funding is essential for successfully managing unemployment encountered late in a career.

D. A tendency among professionals who lose their jobs is to disengage completely instead of making changes, primarily due to anxieties about economic uncertainty and rejection.

Question 23: What factors contribute to the layoffs of steadfast workers in Vietnam?

A. Rising effects of employee-driven innovation networks
B. Expectations from community events promoting workplace culture
C. Fewer orders, financial difficulties, and evolving business plans
D. Restructuring plans due to industry consolidation

Question 24: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?

A. In Vietnam, middle-aged employees have increasingly felt insecure in recent years due to economic fluctuations and corporate reorganizations, causing mass job cuts in multiple sectors.

B. Growing economic instability and organizational adjustments have triggered widespread job losses across numerous sectors in Vietnam, allowing middle-aged workers to feel more confident about their future.

C. Middle-aged workers in Vietnam are unsure about future careers, as job cuts mostly impact export-based and technologically driven economic sectors today.

D. Only when employees reach middle age do employers begin layoffs, mainly because age-related decline is perceived to reduce their adaptability and value to the organization.

Question 25: According to the passage, the mental burden associated with being unemployed at an older age is notably increased when ________.

A. the individual has been in the workforce for a long time
B. economic difficulties arise after losing a job
C. contemporaries are still active in their jobs
D. new career paths prove arduous to pursue

Question 26: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Tri’s multi-year hiatus from job hunting resulted in him forfeiting numerous professional openings.

B. Older professionals, like Tri, may face additional challenges in securing jobs, especially as younger, lower-paid applicants compete.

C. Tri mistakenly believed his best recourse was to go back to his old position, ignoring the need for upskilling or further studies.

D. New schemes spearheaded by the state are under development to facilitate the return of middle-aged staff to secure industries.

Question 27: The word their in paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. dwindling orders B. experienced professionals
C. various industries D. corporate strategies

Question 28: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Economic instability and corporate shifts have led to widespread layoffs in Vietnam, particularly affecting middle-aged workers, yet some respond proactively by retraining and adapting to overcome age-related and market-driven employment challenges.

B. The main reason for job losses among Vietnamese middle-aged professionals is their individual deficiencies, leading most to struggle finding re-employment since they cannot match the ambition and modern skills of younger candidates in the competitive market.

C. Even with extensive job cuts in Vietnamese manufacturing, the majority of older employees—such as directors and managers—rapidly secure jobs of equal or higher standing, capitalizing on their long tenure of experience and proven dedication to previous companies.

D. The middle-aged labor force in Vietnam is flourishing despite economic difficulties, because employers increasingly favor the expertise and reliability of older staff over junior applicants, despite the perceived higher adaptability of the latter group.

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 29 to 34.

Organic Cotton T-shirts – Fashion That Loves the Earth!

The pursuit of a (n) (29) ______ appearance has never been more appropriate. For eco-conscious individuals, our Organic Cotton T-shirts are a perfect choice, combining (30) ______ of sustainable features with great style. Cultivated without the use of harmful chemicals and dyed through natural procedures, each T-shirt (31) ______ a greener future. Featuring soft, breathable fabric and contemporary designs (32) ______ the eye, our garments are suitable for various occasions—whether heading to the beach, visiting a café, or engaging in a casual workday. They are (33) ______, biodegradable, and safe for both your skin and the environment. We invite you to participate in the sustainable fashion movement today. Select apparel that embodies your values. Choose Organic Cotton—(34) ______ comfort converges with conscience.

(Adapted from Happy Earth)

Question 29:
A. surprised B. worried C. perplexed D. refined

Question 30:
A. plenty B. deal C. amount D. bit

Question 31:
A. conforms to B. contributes to C. belongs to D. sticks to

Question 32:
A. be catching B. to catch C. catching D. has caught

Question 33:
A. durably B. endure C. durability D. durable

Question 34:
A. why B. whose C. where D. whom

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 35 to 40.

(35) ______ are revolutionizing the way we produce renewable energy. Many governments and businesses are eager to (36) ______ on the bandwagon, seeing the economic and environmental benefits unfold. These farms are constructed on (37) ______ waters, supported by strong platforms that keep the panels firmly positioned. They create a dual benefit in which electricity generation goes hand in hand with water conservation. The cooling effect of the water boosts panel efficiency, delivering more power per square meter. Developers are now beginning to roll (38) ______ large-scale projects that can supply clean energy to thousands of homes. By reducing evaporation, these farms protect precious freshwater resources for communities and agriculture. They (39) ______ help to curb algae growth, enhancing water quality and aquatic ecosystems. (40) ______ installation represents a step toward a cleaner, more resilient energy future. Join the movement today and let our waterways become a shining source of power for generations to come.

(Adapted from BBC)

Question 35: A. Floating solar farms B. Floating farms solar
C. Solar farms floating D. Farms floating solar

Question 36: A. reach B. leap C. jump D. bring

Question 37: A. lush B. still C. fast D. round

Question 38: A. in B. by C. out D. around

Question 39: A. as though B. though C. if D. also

Question 40: A. Many B. Every C. Others D. Almost