Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

The Royal Oak Pub - House Rules & Information

Welcome to The Royal Oak, a traditional British pub serving the community since 1842.

Operating Hours: Monday-Saturday: 12:00 PM - 11:00 PM | Sunday: 12:00 PM - 10:30 PM

A. Food & Drink Service

Our menu features (1) ______ dishes prepared with locally sourced ingredients. We offer an extensive selection of craft beers, wines, and spirits. Last food orders are taken 30 minutes before closing time.

B. Customer Conduct

We pride ourselves (2) ______ maintaining a welcoming atmosphere for all patrons. Rowdy behavior, excessive noise, or any form of harassment will not be tolerated, (3) ______ offenders may be asked to leave the premises. Please respect (4) ______ customers and our staff at all times.

C. Special Events

Live music sessions (5) ______ place every Friday and Saturday evening from 8:00 PM. Quiz nights are held on Wednesdays, offering fantastic prizes and great entertainment. Private function rooms are available for booking with advance notice. These events have become increasingly popular, so early reservation is (6) ______.

Thank you for choosing The Royal Oak!

(Adapted from https://www.standard.co.uk/going-out/bars/best-traditional-pubs-london)

Question 1. A. a variety of                B. a number of        C. a sum of                D. a quantity of

Question 2. A. to                        B. on                        C. with                        D. at

Question 3. A. and                        B. but                        C. for                        D. nor

Question 4. A. another                B. other                C. the other                D. others

Question 5. A. make                B. give                        C. hold                D. take

Question 6. A. advisable                B. noticeable                C. considerable        D. predictable

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 16.

        Invoice fraud thrives where routine trust lives. Criminals compromise or convincingly impersonate a supplier’s email, then substitute bank coordinates on familiar invoices; dutiful customers, presuming continuity, remit funds into mule accounts. [I] Because confirmations are rarely sought via an independent channel, the deception can persist across billing cycles, multiplying losses. If due diligence is skipped, restitution is unlikely, as payments are laundered rapidly and beneficial ownership is obscured once money is dispersed through nested accounts.

        Phishing arrives as persuasive ordinariness: polished logos, urgent tones, and spurious login portals that harvest credentials or plant malware. Messages purporting to be banks, parcel couriers, or tax offices exploit trust heuristics and fatigue. They often weaponise attachments and shortened links to obfuscate destinations. [II] Should a victim comply, accounts may be seized, secondary authentication reset, and identity fragments collated for later abuse. Even wary users can be caught if they rush; verification rituals – hovering, cross-checking domains, calling back – work precisely because they slow decisions.

        Remote-access ruses enlist false authority: a “technician” rings to remediate a fabricated error, then shepherds the target toward screen-sharing tools. If a caller demands immediate access to “fix” an issue you did not report, the safest course is to refuse and terminate the contact. Once privileged control is granted, keystrokes, wallets, and backups become searchable, while coercive follow-ups – sometimes invoking police or tax threats – extract further payment. [III] Where systems are encrypted or settings sabotaged, recovery is costly, and shame often delays reporting.

        Romance impostors and get-rich evangelists cultivate intimacy, then migrate off public platforms to “safer” spaces. On these channels, emotional reciprocity and time-pressure converge: gifts or crypto “opportunities” are urged as proofs of commitment, allegedly fleeting. [IV] Profiles are stolen or fabricated; windfalls are promised, withdrawals “pending”. If skepticism surfaces, manipulation escalates – gaslighting, isolation, sometimes menacing hints – until the target either pays or blocks. Detachment tactics work: slow the cadence, verify images, and insist on independent financial advice before any transfer.

(Adapted from https://www.cyber.gov.au/learn-basics/watch-out-threats/types-scams)

Question 7. The word spurious in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.

A.  loosely credible                                        B. openly persuasive

C.  deceptively fake                                        D. mildly authentic

Question 8. Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Such deception often succeeds because victims rarely confirm altered bank details via a separate, trusted channel.

A.  [I]                        B. [II]                                C. [III]                        D. [IV]

Question 9. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 1?

A.  Customers thoroughly audit every invoice, reporting anomalies before funds are transferred.

B.  Criminals hijack vendor emails, alter invoice details, and thrive unless independent verification interrupts payments.

C.  Invoice fraud is rare and easily reversed when banks act with vigilant customers.

D.  Automated systems now block all altered account numbers, eliminating losses entirely.

Question 10. What is the primary lure in phishing scams?

A.  Free antivirus on CDs                                B. Guaranteed tax refunds instantly

C.  Personal visits from officials                        D. Seemingly legitimate, urgent messages        

Question 11. According to paragraph 4, they move to private channels to ______.

A.  share photos in higher resolution without public moderation or community flags

B.  archive conversations securely with better encryption than mainstream social networks

C.  avoid fees charged by dating platforms during extended relationship building

D.  evade platform safeguards and manipulate victims more freely without oversight

Question 12. What should a user do when a “technician” requests urgent remote access?

A.  Grant access briefly while recording the session to collect evidence against scammers.

B.  Ask for employee ID numbers and continue until the error is demonstrated live.

C.  Decline access, verify independently via official contacts, and end communication immediately.

D.  Switch computers, then reconnect to isolate risk before permitting remote diagnostics.

Question 13. The phrase They in paragraph 2 refers to ______.

A.  banks                B. tax offices                        C. parcel couriers        D. messages

Question 14. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  Bank reimbursement is guaranteed if invoice fraud is reported immediately after transfer.

B.  Most scams cannot be prevented because verification fails even when users check independently.
C. Romance scams rarely involve money and usually avoid investment or gifting requests.
D. Cross-channel verification and delaying tactics reduce vulnerability by disrupting urgency and denying unmonitored access.

Question 15. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

Once privileged control is granted, keystrokes, wallets, and backups become searchable, while coercive follow-ups – sometimes invoking police or tax threats – extract further payment.

A.  Because privileged control blocks searches, only public files are visible and any additional payments are voluntary and threat-free.

B.  Granting privileged access merely allows password resets; finances and backups remain off-limits and authorities step in to reimburse victims.

C.  Once access is granted, funds are lawfully seized from wallets immediately so there is no need for follow-up demands.

D.  After admin privileges are obtained, keystroke logs, digital wallets, and backups can be combed through while intimidation pressures victims to pay more.

Question 16. Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  Across invoices, messages, calls, and relationships, scammers exploit urgency and trust; verification, slowing down, and refusing access help prevent losses.

B.  Love and money seldom intersect; technology mainly accelerates relationships with minor financial risks.

C.  Cryptocurrency alone is dangerous; banks should halt cross-border transfers during crime waves.

D.  Government crackdowns have eliminated most scams; remaining cases reflect only individual negligence.

Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 17 to 22.

UK–Vietnam Business Summit 2025

The UK–Vietnam Business Summit 2025 is scheduled to (17) ______ place on November 5th, 2025, in Ho Chi Minh City. This significant event will bring together government officials, business leaders, and (18) ______ from both nations to explore strategic partnerships in key sectors.

Central to the summit’s agenda is the development of Vietnam’s "International Financial Centre" initiative and the expansion of renewable energy projects. Participants will have access to an extensive (19) ______ of networking sessions, panel discussions, and bilateral meetings designed to (20) ______ collaboration opportunities. The summit, (21) ______ primary objective is strengthening UK-Vietnam economic ties, promises to deliver actionable insights for investors and enterprises seeking to enter emerging markets.

Registration is now open for business delegates who wish to (22) ______ the possibilities of partnership.

For further details, visit https://www.vietnamnews.vn/

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Question 17.        A. make                B. hold                C. take                D. bring

Question 18.        A. investments        B. invested                C. investors                D. investing

Question 19.        A. variety                B. scale                C. volume                D. scope

Question 20.        A. strengthen                B. widen                C. deepen                D. broaden

Question 21.        A. which                B. whose                C. of which                D. that

Question 22.        A. draw on                B. look into                C. carry out                D. turn down

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.

        Three-dimensional printing technology has transformed from an industrial novelty into a revolutionary force reshaping multiple sectors of modern society. Initially developed in the 1980s for rapid prototyping in manufacturing, 3D printing allowed engineers to create physical models directly from digital designs. (23) _______. Medical professionals quickly recognized the potential, beginning to experiment with printing custom prosthetics tailored to individual patients’ anatomical requirements. By the 2010s, the technology had advanced sufficiently to produce functional organs and tissue scaffolds for transplantation research. (24) _______. The construction industry also embraced this innovation, with companies successfully printing entire house structures in mere days rather than months. (25) _______. Educational institutions worldwide now incorporate 3D printing into curricula, enabling students to materialize their creative concepts and engineering solutions. Furthermore, aerospace manufacturers utilize the technology to produce lightweight components that would be impossible to create through traditional machining methods. (26) _______. Environmental advocates promote 3D printing as a sustainable alternative to mass production, since it minimizes material waste by adding material only where needed. (27) _______. As the technology matures and becomes more accessible, experts predict it will fundamentally alter supply chains, personalized medicine, and architectural design practices globally.

(Adapted from https://www.autodesk.com/autodesk-university/article/Real-World-Applications-3D-Printing)

Question 23. A. Consequently, this innovation eliminated protracted delays between concept approval and physical prototype availability for engineering teams

B.  Therefore, this breakthrough reduced extensive waiting periods between design authorization and tangible model production for development groups

C.  Thus, this advancement removed lengthy intervals between idea validation and concrete prototype creation for technical staff

D.  Hence, this development shortened considerable gaps between concept confirmation and physical sample generation for design personnel

Question 24. A. Correspondingly, clothing designers commenced experimenting with 3D-fabricated attire and ornaments, extending the frontiers of wearable creativity

B.  Likewise, apparel manufacturers started investigating additively-manufactured clothing and adornments, pushing the limits of fashion innovation

C.  Similarly, the fashion industry began exploring 3D-printed garments and accessories, expanding the boundaries of wearable design possibilities

D.  Analogously, fashion enterprises initiated testing 3D-constructed garments and embellishments, broadening the scope of apparel design potential

Question 25. A. Such fabricated buildings provide significant expense savings relative to traditional building techniques, especially for resolving low-income residential deficits

B.  These printed structures offer substantial cost reductions compared to conventional construction methods, particularly for addressing affordable housing shortages

C.  These manufactured dwellings deliver considerable price decreases versus standard construction approaches, notably for tackling economical housing scarcity

D.  Such constructed facilities yield meaningful budget advantages compared to established building procedures, particularly for confronting inexpensive shelter needs

Question 26. A. Control authorities have been presented the implementations of this system, supporting the creation of detailed security specifications for fabricated goods

B.  Oversight bodies have been communicated the uses of this innovation, assisting in developing thorough quality requirements for produced items

C.  Regulatory agencies have explained the applications of this technology, helping establish comprehensive safety standards for manufactured products

D.  Governing organizations have been described the utilizations of this technique, facilitating the establishment of complete protection criteria for generated products

Question 27. A. Coming versions ought to integrate machine learning to enhance fabrication routes and significantly decrease manufacturing time

B.  Future iterations should incorporate artificial intelligence to optimize printing pathways and substantially reduce production duration

C.  Subsequent generations should embed computational intelligence to improve construction patterns and markedly shorten production periods

D.  Following models should include algorithmic systems to refine printing trajectories and notably diminish fabrication intervals

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 28 to 35.

        The race toward scalable quantum computing has entered a pivotal inflection, with Microsoft, Google, and IBM pursuing divergent routes toward fault tolerance. Microsoft touts Majorana-based hardware; Google advances error-corrected scaling; IBM maintains a disciplined roadmap. While optimism grows that practicality may arrive sooner than expected, skepticism persists. Nvidia’s Jensen Huang has warned that commercially meaningful use could still be decades away, a sobering reminder that exuberant claims must withstand empirical scrutiny and reproducibility, not merely headline-grabbing prototypes and carefully curated demonstrations.

        Microsoft’s Majorana 1 reframes the problem as a hardware-native solution: topological structures integrate exotic states to stabilize qubits and suppress noise. Satya Nadella heralded “a new state of matter” and novel “topoconductors,” foregrounding materials engineering over incremental patchwork. Chetan Nayak argues that rethinking the quantum transistor clarifies a viable route to scale. By embedding fault tolerance in hardware, Microsoft claims the path to a million-qubit processor is within reach. Proponents insist this reduces overheads demanded by conventional error correction.

        Google’s Willow chip targets the field’s thirty-year nemesis – errors that balloon with size – by architecting error correction that improves as more qubits are added. The company reports two breakthroughs: first, an exponential suppression of error with scale; second, a benchmark completed in under five minutes that a top supercomputer would need an estimated 10 septillion years to emulate. If validated independently, this implies not mere incrementalism but a qualitative shift: scaling ceases to be punitive and begins to be self-ameliorating.

        IBM, long invested in superconducting transmon qubits, frames quantum as an engineering marathon rather than a speculative moonshot. Arvind Krishna notes a decade-plus of steady investment and a roadmap disciplined by error-correction milestones, software stacks, and use-case curation. In this telling, quantum advantage is not a singular eureka but the compound interest of systems integration. Together, these approaches suggest a heterogeneous future where materials science, architecture, and control theory co-evolve rather than converge on a single canonical design.

(Adapted from Forbes: “Recent Breakthroughs Accelerate the Race for Quantum Computing,” Mar 9, 2025)

Question 28. The word pivotal in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by ______?

A.  crucial                B. peripheral                        C. tentative                        D. ornamental

Question 29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 3 as an achievement claimed for Willow?

A.  Reducing error rates as more qubits are added

B.  Finishing a benchmark in under five minutes

C.  Demonstrating room-temperature operational stability

D.  Tackling a challenge pursued for nearly three decades

Question 30. The word skepticism in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

A.  doubt                B. caution                        C. confidence                        D. wariness

Question 31. The word this in paragraph 2 refers to ______.

A.  allocating a decade of investment to IBM’s roadmap

B.  benchmarking a task faster than classical supercomputers

C.  redesigning the quantum transistor to secure stability at scale

D.  adopting superconducting transmon qubits as a standard

Question 32. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?

A.  By building error-correction directly into qubit design, Microsoft contends million-qubit systems become feasible in the near term.

B.  Microsoft asserts that integrating fault tolerance into physical components enables scalable pathways toward million-qubit architectures.

C.  Microsoft believes hardware-level resilience could make a million-qubit device attainable without extreme error-correction overhead.

D.  Microsoft argues hardware-native fault tolerance reduces the obstacles to achieving million-qubit computing capacity.

Question 33. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?

A.  IBM portrays quantum progress as cumulative engineering work guided by roadmaps and layered software ecosystems.

B.  IBM expects a sudden scientific discovery to replace the need for rigorous error-correction and calibration procedures.

C.  IBM has recently abandoned transmon qubits to pivot entirely to topological architectures and neutral-atom arrays.

D.  IBM maintains quantum advantage depends primarily on media visibility rather than durable system integration practices.

Question 34. Which paragraph mentions caution that substantial commercial quantum applications may still be decades away?

A.  Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2                C. Paragraph 3                D. Paragraph 4

Question 35. Which paragraph mentions error rates diminishing as the system scales up?

A.  Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2                C. Paragraph 3                D. Paragraph 4

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent text.

Question 36. Dear Dr. Nguyen,

A. To confirm your attendance, please complete the registration form via the link provided in this email by November 15th.

B. The registration process is straightforward and takes approximately five minutes to complete once you access the portal.

C. We are delighted to invite you to the International Academic Conference on Sustainable Development, scheduled for December 10-12, 2025.

D. Please note that accommodation arrangements must be finalized before November 20th to guarantee availability at the conference venue.

e. For any inquiries regarding the programme or logistics, feel free to contact us at conference@university.edu.

Yours sincerely,

Conference Organizing Committee

A.  a-b-c-d-e                        B. c-a-d-b-e                        C. c-a-b-d-e                        D. b-c-a-d-e

Question 37. a. Station attendant: The next express train to London departs at quarter past two from platform seven.

B. Traveler: Perfect. And how long does the journey typically take from here?

C. Traveler: Excuse me, could you tell me what time the next train to London leaves?

A.  c-a-b                        B. a-c-b                        C. b-c-a                        D. c-b-a

Question 38. a. Harper: Do you like having pets?

B. Sebastian: Yes, I do! Pets bring joy, but they also require responsibility.

C. Harper: I agree, but not everyone has time to take proper care.

D. Sebastian: True, yet pets offer love and teach empathy.

e. Harper: Both choices – having or not – reflect lifestyle and emotional readiness.

A.  a-b-c-d-e                         B. a-b-d-c-e                         C. a-c-b-d-e                         D. b-a-d-e-c

Question 39. a. Signature phin brews and condensed-milk lattes became ambassadors, while beans gained specialty certifications over time.

B. Origin storytelling, robusta innovation, and café formats helped differentiate products across competitive markets abroad consistently.

C. Meanwhile, e-commerce partnerships and duty-free placements accelerated trial, building recognition among travellers and commuters alike.

D. Vietnamese coffee brands expanded globally, translating robust domestic culture into distinctive international propositions for consumers.

e. To sustain reach, brands must standardise quality, protect IP, and manage volatile commodity prices effectively.

A.  d-c-b-a-e                        B. d-a-b-c-e                        C. d-b-a-c-e                        D. d-b-c-a-e

Question 40. a. Our team was assigned a challenging project and I eagerly tried to take the lead on everything immediately.

B. During a summer internship at a tech startup, I worked with five diverse colleagues on software development.

C. Unfortunately, my domineering approach created tension and several team members stopped contributing their valuable ideas.

D. This experience was profoundly educational and revealed that true leadership means empowering others rather than controlling them.

e. As a result, I learned to listen actively and learned the ropes of collaborative problem-solving through consensus.

A.  a-b-c-d-e                        B. b-c-a-e-d                        C. b-a-c-e-d                        D. d-b-a-c-e