Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Question 1: A. scam real-time alerts        B. real scam-time alerts        

        C. real-time scam alerts        D. real-time alerts scam

Question 2: A. accept        B. believe        C. assume        D. take

Question 3: A. with        B. to        C. by        D. against

Question 4: A. circulating        B. circulated        C. which circulate        D. to circulate

Question 5: A. credible        B. credibly        C. credit        D. credibility

Question 6: A. click        B. to click        C. clicking        D. clicked

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Question 7: A. number        B. level        C. surge        D. range

Question 8: A. and        B. yet        C. as        D. for

Question 9: A. others        B. the others        C. other        D. another

Question 10: A. take after        B. bring about        C. look into        D. cut back on

Question 11: A. benefit        B. impact        C. decoration        D. bargain

Question 12: A. accidental        B. seasonal        C. formative        D. temporary

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

A. Ava: Scan the QR on the menu; you can pay by phone.

B. Ryan: I bought the tickets, but I left my wallet and they won’t take cash.

C. Ryan: Great—send the receipt, and I’ll transfer my half tonight.

A.  b – a – c        B. a – b – c        C. b – c – a        D. c – a – b

Question 14:

A. Lily: I’m worried our survey results will get mixed up again.

B. Sam: The community poster looks good, but the numbers in slide three changed.

C. Lily: I retyped them from a photo because the shared sheet wouldn’t open on my phone.

D. Sam: To avoid that, let’s restore the sheet, lock it, and leave questions as comments.

e. Lily: Deal. I’ll update the charts, and you record a short voice note for the ending.

A.  b – a – c – d – e        B. c – d – b – a – e        C. c – a – e – d – b        D. b – d – c – a – e

Question 15:

Dear Ben,

A. He was quite shy at first, but the shared folder helped a lot because he could read my notes quietly and take his time to understand.

B. That small step encouraged me to invite him to our Saturday clean-up, where everyone had a small task and could join in without pressure.

C. I got paired with a new student, so we met in the library room after class.

D. Now he greets people first, and every time I see that, it reminds me how patience can quietly change a group.

e. When he finally sent a voice message, I realized he understood more than he actually spoke.

A.  c – b – a – d – e        B. c – a – e – b – d        C. c – e – a – d – b        D. c – a – b – e – d

Question 16:

A. For instance, I leave my charger outside my bedroom for fifteen minutes, then review notes from our online folder without interruptions.

B. Many teens say they have no time, yet their attention leaks away in tiny moments between classes and even at lunch.

C. In the long run, protecting attention is less about willpower and more about designing a kinder environment, especially when deadlines squeeze you.

D. A few simple boundaries—like keeping the phone in a bag and using screen-time limits—create quiet space to think during revision weeks.

e. This routine makes homework faster, and my mood stays calmer when messages pile up, which helps me sleep earlier.

A.  d – e – b – a – c        B. b – d – a – e – c        C. d – a – b – c – e        D. b – d – e – a – c

Question 17:

A. That quick adjustment stopped complaints and gave us time to talk kindly with visitors, which boosted donations.

B. We agreed on one shared drive, and a simple spreadsheet tracked prices, stock, and who was on shift.

C. Afterward, looking at the tidy records, I understood that teamwork is not loud motivation; it is small systems that let people trust each other, especially when deadlines squeeze you.

D. Our club ran a charity booth at the school festival, but planning felt chaotic because everyone used different chats; even the poster file kept changing, and we wasted breaks searching for the latest version.

e. When a teammate forgot the change box, the notes column showed a backup plan, so we switched to QR payments and kept serving.

A.  c – e – a – b – d        B. d – a – e – b – c        C. c – b – d – e – a        D. d – b – e – a – c

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Question 18:
A. this contributes to the formation of urban heat islands in densely populated, highly active areas
B. the formation of urban heat islands in areas with dense populations and high levels of activity

C.  contributed to urban heat island formation in densely populated areas with intense activity
D. which contributes to urban heat island formation in areas with dense populations and high activity

Question 19:
A. are always releasing heat as they operate throughout the city

B.  have always burning off energy to perform their work functions

C.  are always burning off energy during their various daily activities

D.  are always burning off energy, with cars and factories doing so

Question 20:

A.  of which the population is large in a small space

B.  meaning there are a lot of people in a small space

C.  meant that there are a lot of people in a small space

D.  and there are a lot of people in a small space

Question 21:

A.  By reducing direct exposure to heat stored in urban surfaces, high-rise buildings cause nighttime temperatures in UHIs to fall more gradually during the night

B.  Because buildings, sidewalks, and parking lots block heat coming from the ground from rising into the cold night sky, trapping heat on lower levels, and nighttime temperatures in UHIs remain high

C.  Nighttime temperatures in UHIs remain high because buildings, sidewalks, and parking lots block heat coming from the ground from rising into the cold night sky, trapping heat on lower levels

D.  Trapping heat on high levels, nighttime temperatures in UHIs remain high because buildings, sidewalks, and parking lots block heat coming from the ground from rising into the cold night sky

Question 22:
A. for cooling things down by the use of green roofs and lighter colored materials
B. they must implement the construction of green roofs and use light materials
C. cool things down by using green roofs and lighter colored materials
D. to cool things down by using green roofs and lighter colored materials

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as an action perceived as an environmentally responsible choice?

A.  Opting for reusable shopping bags instead of single-use plastic versions.

B.  Purchasing organic food items over those grown by conventional methods.

C.  Achieving a significant reduction in the total volume of household waste.

D.  Investing in specific products that possess a diminished ecological footprint.

Question 24: The word "licensed" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.

A.  compelled        B. certified        C. authorized        D. restricted

Question 25: According to paragraph 2, what does the study on clothing donations between 2020 and 2024 illustrate about consumer behavior?

A.  The act of donating old clothes serves as a psychological barrier to making new, unnecessary purchases.

B.  A rise in charitable acts can inadvertently justify an increase in the acquisition of new products.

C.  Improvements in manufacturing efficiency have directly caused a drop in the price of sustainable fashion.

D.  Modern consumers have successfully applied Jevons's theory to reduce their overall coal consumption.

Question 26: The word "It" in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

A.  buying a green product                        B. an act of contribution        

C.  way green products are marketed        D. reason to stop buying altogether

Question 27: The word "restraint" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A.  readjust        B. excess        C. saving        D. impulse

Question 28: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  By no means can the acquisition of eco-friendly products serve as a viable alternative to a straightforward reduction in consumption, according to persistent research findings.

B.  It is the volume of green purchasing that research identifies as the primary factor in replacing the need for consumers to buy less.

C.  Much as green purchasing is promoted, only when it is combined with increased consumption does research show a positive environmental impact.

D.  Such is the effectiveness of buying less that it is often considered a secondary alternative whenever green purchasing fails to meet environmental goals.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the author discuss the role of environmental labeling in encouraging consumers to buy things they might not otherwise need?

A.  Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph is it suggested that the most powerful tool for sustainability is contrary to the fundamental interests of the commercial market?

A.  Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Question 31: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

The mechanism is not mysterious, even if the outcomes are.

A.  [I]         B. [II]         C. [III]         D. [IV]

Question 32: Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence in paragraph 1?

A.  Although forests seem to be moving gradually, their progression is inconsistent and frequently hampered by external threats.

B.  Forest migration is a steady and predictable process despite the occasional presence of fires and various biological pests.

C.  The geographical shift of forests appears gradual, yet it lacks uniformity and is regularly hindered by environmental hazards.

D.  While the relocation of trees is slow, it remains a continuous movement that is largely unaffected by heat and disease.

Question 33: The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

A.  seed source        B. a species        C. a landscape        D. poleward

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor that can disrupt forest relocation?

A.  fires        B. pests        C. heat stress        D. soil erosion

Question 35: Which of the following best summarizes the main content of the first paragraph?

A.  The relocation of forests is a smooth process driven by consistent rainfall and mild temperature shifts.

B.  High-altitude regions are becoming the only viable habitats for seedlings due to the disappearance of pests.

C.  Forest ecosystems are undergoing an uneven geographical shift as they struggle to adapt to changing climates.

D.  The North is witnessing a rapid expansion of diverse tree species that perfectly matches the speed of warming.

Question 36: The word "stands" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________.

A.  positions        B. attitudes        C. areas        D. symbols

Question 37: According to the third paragraph, what is a primary consequence when forests cannot keep up with shifting climatic conditions?

A.  Scientists will immediately implement migration corridors to facilitate the movement of all native tree species.

B.  Existing tree groups become increasingly susceptible to environmental pressures due to their unsuitable locations.

C.  Human intervention through seed movement is proven to be the only risk-free method to preserve forest health.

D.  The fragmented landscapes will eventually merge as forests move toward the poles to find more stable weather.

Question 38: The phrase “tracking a moving target” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A.  adapting to gradual shifts        B. responding to new pressures

C.  following changing conditions        D. maintaining a fixed baseline

Question 39: Which of the following can most likely be inferred from the passage?

A.  The FAO and IPCC suggest that historical forestry models based on environmental stability are still highly effective.

B.  Human assistance in tree migration is a controversial necessity because natural processes are currently too sluggish.

C.  Future forest restoration efforts will fail unless they are treated as one-time campaigns focusing on single species.

D.  Mountains are the only environments where the effects of climate change on vegetation are visible to the naked eye.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A.  Modern forestry focuses on maintaining the fixed nature of landscapes by preventing the movement of species across regions.

B.  Climate change is primarily causing the total extinction of mountain trees, requiring urgent symbolic action from global students.

C.  Forests are dynamic systems responding to climate shifts, requiring proactive and flexible management to ensure future resilience.

D.  The slow pace of seed dispersal is the only reason why forests are currently struggling to survive in the warmer northern areas.