Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 11.

        Public education systems emerged in the 19th century as nations recognized the importance of an educated citizenry. (7) _______. This movement reflected growing beliefs that literacy and basic knowledge were essential for economic development and social progress.

        Early public schools faced numerous challenges, including inadequate funding and resistance from traditional institutions. (8) _______. Despite these obstacles, reformers continued advocating for universal access to education, arguing it would reduce poverty and crime.

        The establishment of compulsory attendance laws marked a turning point in educational history. (9) _______. This legislation ensured that children from all social classes received at least elementary instruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic.

        Teacher training programs evolved to meet the demands of expanding school systems across Europe and America. (10) _______. These institutions helped standardize educational practices and improve the quality of instruction in public classrooms.

        By the early 20th century, public education had become a cornerstone of modern society. (11) _______. Today, access to free education is widely recognized as a fundamental human right and a prerequisite for democratic participation.

(Adapted from Britannica, “Education: Western Education in the 19th Century”)

Question 7. A. Prussia instituted free, state-funded schooling during the early 1800s, a model other European nations subsequently adopted

B. State-funded schooling introduction occurred in other European countries following Prussia’s early 1800s free school adoption

C. Other European countries emulated free schooling after Prussia introduced state-funded schools throughout the early 1800s

D. Free schooling adoption by Prussia prompted other European nations to institute state-funded educational systems in the early 1800s