Question 2: A. although the credibility of information is less of a challenge than simply accessing it B. as the challenge is no longer acce...

Question 3:

A. As a matter of fact, inspiring curiosity is now considered a far less valuable capacity for a teacher than the ability to recite memorized facts

B. To be more specific, a teacher's curiosity about inspiring memorable facts is now considered far more valuable than their recitation ability

C. Similarly, the value of a teacher's recitation of facts is now considered far less memorable than their capability to inspire curiosity

D. Specifically, the capacity of a teacher to inspire curiosity is now considered far more valuable than their ability to recite facts from memory

Question 4:
A. Building a relationship on mutual respect and trust fosters a more engaging learning atmosphere
B. A more engaging atmosphere for learning is fostered in order to build a mutually respectful relationship
C. Engaging learning in an atmosphere of mutual respect is fostered to build a trusting relationship
D. Mutual respect in a learning atmosphere fosters trust for building a more engaging relationship

Question 5:
A. their growing insight is what drives the formulation of their questions
B. of the insight from their questions being the driver for formulating their growth
C. formulating the insightful questions which are the drivers of their growth
D. the formulation of insight from their questions is the driver that makes them grow

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 6 to 13.

Recent confirmations from both Australian and U.S. government agencies have verified a sobering ecological event. The Great Barrier Reef, the planet’s largest living structure, is experiencing a widespread and severe mass bleaching episode. The development is not an isolated regional problem but part of a global pattern of coral reef degradation driven by persistently rising ocean temperatures. These vibrant and vital ecosystems, from the Pacific to the Atlantic, are succumbing to the pressures of a warming world.

The biological mechanism behind bleaching is a stress response to inordinate heat. Coral polyps, the tiny animals that build the reef, have a crucial symbiotic partnership with algae called zooxanthellae that live within their tissues. These algae provide the coral with its primary food source through photosynthesis and are responsible for its spectacular coloration. When subjected to prolonged thermal stress, the corals expel the algae. Left without them, the coral’s transparent tissue reveals its white calcified skeleton, though it is not yet dead. It is, however, in a state of starvation and extreme vulnerability to disease.

For the Great Barrier Reef, this is the fourth catastrophic mass bleaching event recorded since 2016. Aerial surveys conducted by the marine park authority revealed that over 75% of shallow-water corals across multiple regions were affected. The frequency of these serial bleaching events prevents the reef from having adequate time to recover, leading to cumulative and potentially irreversible damage. "This is tragic. It is heartbreaking," stated David Ritter, the chief executive of Greenpeace Australia Pacific. "This is a direct result of the heating of our planet."

The loss of coral reefs has cascading consequences far beyond marine biodiversity. These keystone ecosystems act as natural barriers, protecting coastlines from storms and erosion, a service that is increasingly critical in an era of more extreme weather. They also support the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people globally through fishing and tourism. The slow, silent death of a coral reef is a stark and unambiguous indicator of a planet under duress, a visible sign of the profound impact of global warming on the natural world.

(Adapted from The Conversation)

Question 6: The word succumbing in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A. adapting B. withstanding C. shrinking D. experiencing

Question 7: The word inordinate in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. excessive B. prolonged C. unusual D. damaging

Question 8: The word it in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the algae B. transparent tissue

C. white calcified skeleton D. the coral

Question 9: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an immediate consequence for a coral after it has expelled its symbiotic algae?
A. Exposure of its white skeleton B. A state of starvation
C. Vulnerability to disease D. Irreversible damage

Question 10: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. The profound effect of global warming on nature is made visibly and undeniably clear by the slow, quiet demise of a coral reef, a signal that the planet itself is in distress.

B. A coral reef’s slow and silent degradation is a significant cause of worldwide planetary stress, serving as a visible warning of global warming's strong environmental effects.

C. The gradual, quiet decay of a coral reef clearly indicates the impact of global warming, an impact that is itself caused by the immense pressure affecting the natural world.

D. The quiet deterioration of a coral reef is an undeniable signal of a world in crisis and is likewise a tangible manifestation of global warming's serious impact on human beings.

Question 11: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. In a bleaching episode, the symbiotic algae living within the coral tissues perish, revealing the white skeleton of the living coral host.

B. The high frequency of mass bleaching episodes in recent years significantly slows down the natural recovery timeline for the reef ecosystem.

C. The recurrent nature of recent bleaching events is linked to a failure in the photosynthetic process of the corals' symbiotic algae.

D. The structural formations of coral reefs provide coastal regions with a valuable defense against the destructive forces of severe weather.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

The historical image of a teacher as a distant figure of authority, whose primary role was to dispense information, is increasingly out of step with modern educational needs. The traditional dynamic, which many modern educators now rightly criticize, was a system where students were expected to passively receive knowledge, memorize facts for examinations, adhere to a rigid classroom hierarchy that discouraged open discussions, or (1) ________.

Today’s educational environment, where information is abundant and freely accessible online, calls for a significant re-evaluation of this relationship. While the teacher’s expertise remains crucial, their function is shifting from that of a sole information provider to one of a facilitator, a role that becomes increasingly vital (2) ________. This change does not diminish the teacher’s importance; on the contrary, it elevates it. (3) ________.

(4) ________. This closer bond, however, requires a delicate balance, as the line between being a supportive mentor and an overly familiar friend can sometimes become blurred. If this new partnership is to be truly effective, the teacher’s primary function must be re-envisioned, so that the pedagogical goal becomes not merely transmitting static information, which is a hallmark of outdated teaching styles, and instead (5) ________ on their own initiative.

(Adapted from ResearchGate)

Question 1:
A. the unquestionable truth of the textbook's contents is a single source accepted
B. accept the textbook’s contents as the single, unquestionable source of truth
C. question the truth in the textbook's contents and not accept it as a single source
D. till the textbook could be accepted as the unquestionable and truthful source