Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

REVOLUTIONIZE YOUR AIR - BREATHE PURITY LIKE NEVER BEFORE!

In an era where air pollution has insidiously permeated every corner of urban life, AeroPure X emerges as the ultimate game-changer, redefining the very essence of clean air. Equipped with (1) ________, this state-of-the-art air purifier eradicates 99.97% of airborne pollutants - an achievement unrivaled in modern purification systems. Designed with an AI-powered adaptive filtration system, AeroPure X automatically adjusts (2) ________ fluctuating pollution levels, ensuring an unparalleled indoor atmosphere. The device, engineered (3) ________ even the most pernicious toxins, operates in whisper-quiet mode, seamlessly blending into your lifestyle. With a sleek, minimalist (4) ________, it transforms your living space into a sanctuary where clean air is no longer a luxury but a given. For those grappling with respiratory ailments, this revolutionary purifier acts as a lifeline, (5) ________ your health from the relentless onslaught of pollution. As air quality continues to plummet, don’t let your health deteriorate - (6) ________ control today!

(Adapted from IQAir)

Question 1:
A. technology cutting-edge nanofiltration
B. nanofiltration cutting-edge technology
C. cutting-edge technology nanofiltration
D. cutting-edge nanofiltration technology

Question 2:
A. to B. with C. for D. in

Question 3:
A. neutralizing B. neutralize C. to neutralize D. to neutralizing

Question 4:
A. aesthetically B. aesthetic C. aesthetician D. aesthetical

Question 5:
A. shielded B. which shield C. shield D. shielding

Question 6:
A. pick B. seize C. grab D. steal

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

THE SALAMANDER

Features

The salamander is often (7) ________ for a lizard because of its body shape. However, it is a distinct amphibian with unique characteristics. Some salamanders have distinctive spots that help them camouflage or warn predators. These amphibians have the

remarkable ability to regenerate their limbs, spinal cord, and even their heart. Researchers are (8) ________ ways to understand and replicate this regenerative process for potential medical applications. Over time, salamanders have adapted to thrive in specific habitats, showcasing (9) ________ diversity in their physical traits. Scientists are still trying to (10) ________ how this regenerative ability works, as it could open new doors for regenerative medicine.

Habitat and ecological role

Salamanders often inhabit damp environments where leaves accumulate on the forest floor. Their survival depends on healthy soil, which they use for laying eggs and seeking refuge. If these environments become disturbed, their populations could (11) ________, leading to a negative impact on the food chain. Salamanders play an integral role in maintaining the overall health of the forest ecosystem.

Threats and human interaction

A major threat to salamanders today is environmental pollution, which contaminates their habitats. Historically, salamanders have been used in traditional medicine for their perceived healing (12) ________. In their larval stage, some species resemble a frog due to their external gills. Climate change is a significant threat, as fluctuations in temperature affect salamander survival and breeding patterns.

(Adapted from IELTS Listening Test)

Question 7: A. mistaken B. counterfeit C. incorrect D. defective

Question 8: A. On account of B. on the brink of C. on the lookout for D. in charge of

Question 9: A. several B. many C. a large number of D. a great deal of

Question 10: A. wear off B. figure out C. hold on D. get across

Question 11: A. escalate B. proliferate C. burgeon D. dwindle

Question 12: A. properties B. equities C. belongings D. estates

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions.

Question 13:

A. Alice: That's true, Ben, but the real challenge lies in balancing technological advancements with ethical considerations. It's a delicate matter.

B. Ben: I agree. The ramifications of AI are profound, especially with how it can infiltrate personal data. But I believe proper regulation could mitigate some of these risks.

C. Alice: Have you ever considered the implications of artificial intelligence on privacy? I think it's an issue we need to address before it becomes too pervasive.

A. a-b-c B. b-a-c C. c-b-a D. c-a-b

Question 14:

A. David: Sarah, have you considered the long-term consequences of climate change on biodiversity?
b. Sarah: But global cooperation seems challenging, given the political and economic disparities between nations.
c. David: Exactly. It's crucial to implement sustainable practices to mitigate further environmental degradation.
d. Sarah: Yes, the loss of habitats and the extinction of species could create an ecological imbalance. It's alarming.
e. David: True, the issue is exacerbated by the lack of political will to address the root causes of climate change.

A. b-d-a-c-e B. c-a-b-e-d C. e-c-a-b-d D. a-d-c-b-e

Question 15:

Dear Oliver,

A. It was an unforgettable night, one that I wish I could relive over and over again.

B. The moment she walked on stage, the entire arena erupted, yet as soon as she began singing, an almost sacred silence fell over the crowd.

C. When she performed Someone Like You, thousands of voices joined hers, creating a moment so hauntingly beautiful that I had chills.

D. Her voice was even more powerful in person, carrying raw emotion that made every lyric feel like a personal confession.

e. Last night was nothing short of magical - I finally got to see Adele perform live, and I’m still in awe.

Best,
Jennifer

A. b-a-e-d-c B. e-b-d-c-a C. e-a-d-b-c D. b-d-e-c-a

Question 16:

A. The cable car ride also provided a unique vantage point to witness the city’s iconic ice sculptures, which were even more breathtaking from above.

B. During my visit to Harbin, I had the unforgettable experience of taking a cable car ride over the beautiful Songhua River.

C. The cold, crisp air added to the magic of the moment, making it feel like I was gliding through a winter wonderland.
d. It was a moment of tranquility amidst the hustle of the city, and I left the experience feeling deeply refreshed.

e. The view from above was mesmerizing, as I could see the entire city sprawling beneath me, with the snow-capped trees and buildings blending into a perfect winter landscape.

A. b-e-c-a-d B. a-c-e-b-d C. a-b-d-c-e D. b-a-d-c-e

Question 17:

A. While it connects people from all over the world, it can also create a false sense of reality, leading to comparison and insecurity.

B. Additionally, the spread of misinformation and cyberbullying is a serious concern that makes social media a potentially harmful space.

C. Social media can be a double-edged sword, offering both benefits and dangers.

D. It's important for users to be aware of these risks and use social media in a balanced, mindful way.

e. The constant pressure to present a perfect life online can negatively impact mental health, especially among young people.

A. c-a-b-d-e B. a-d-b-c-e C. c-a-e-b-d D. a-b-c-e-d

Read the following passage about the VinFuture Prize and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

The VinFuture Prize, an international award established in Vietnam in 2020, (18) ______. The initiative strives to highlight solutions that address global challenges and create sustainable, equitable advancements in science and technology. The VinFuture Foundation, (19) ______, maintains a rigorous evaluation process to identify the most impactful breakthroughs. The foundation aims to inspire a new era of discovery by showcasing achievements that push the boundaries of human knowledge and capability.

Encouraging worldwide participation and inclusivity, (20) ______. These prestigious awards underscore the foundation’s commitment to broadening access to scientific recognition and support. (21) ______. This approach not only supports current leaders in research but also inspires future generations to pursue groundbreaking endeavors.

Since its inception, the VinFuture Prize has gained international acclaim by honoring pioneering figures who have made significant contributions to their fields. Past laureates have included researchers who developed life-saving vaccines, revolutionized artificial intelligence, and advanced sustainable energy solutions. (22) ______. By advocating for sustainable growth and fairness, it encourages other nations to take similar action. The global community benefits from the ripple effects, as innovative breakthroughs driven by VinFuture laureates gradually shape a brighter, more inclusive world.

(Adapted from https://vingroup.net)

Question 18:

A. of which innovations are acknowledged to affect transformative progress across diverse dimensions of human development and societal well-being worldwide

B. having acknowledged innovations affecting transformative progress across diverse dimensions of human development and societal well-being worldwide

C. commending cutting-edge discoveries that create transformative impacts across various domains of human progress and societal enrichment

D. acknowledges innovations affecting transformative progress across diverse dimensions of human development and societal well-being worldwide

Question 19:

A. primarily focused on recognizing past achievements rather than encouraging future discoveries

B. to limit its focus to theoretical research rather than practical advancements

C. which is committed to this mission and continually seeks to support groundbreaking research with real-world applications
D. faces significant obstacles in its efforts to promote global innovation and scientific development

Question 20:

A. underrepresented groups and transformative emerging fields receive priority as the VinFuture Prize grants a $3 million Grand Prize and three $500,000 Special Prizes

B. innovators from underrepresented groups and transformative emerging fields receive a $3 million Grand Prize and three $500,000 Special Prizes from the VinFuture Prize

C. these two principles prioritize underrepresented groups and transformative emerging fields while awarding a $3 million Grand Prize and three $500,000 Special Prizes

D. the VinFuture Prize awards a $3 million Grand Prize and three $500,000 Special Prizes, prioritizing innovators from underrepresented groups and transformative emerging fields

Question 21:

A. Although the VinFuture Prize ignores complex issues, it aims to establish a thriving global ecosystem of pioneers committed to addressing the world’s most diverse innovations

B. Through steadfastly promoting diverse contributions, the VinFuture Prize aims to build a dynamic, global ecosystem of visionary innovators addressing humanity’s most complex challenges

C. Consistently encouraging a wide range of contributions, the VinFuture Prize seeks to cultivate a vibrant international network of innovators focused on advancing consumer technology trends

D. The VinFuture Prize strives to foster a dynamic and global community of visionary minds, tackling only minor technological inconveniences

Question 22:

A. Representing a beacon of innovation, the VinFuture Prize solidifies Vietnam’s role as a scientific contribution

B. The VinFuture Prize slows down transformative change on a global scale

C. Most VinFuture laureates have been awarded for their work in promoting fictional literature

D. As an emblem of advancement, the VinFuture Prize cements Vietnam’s stature as a global leader in innovation

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

In the ever-evolving landscape of public scrutiny, celebrity apologies have become pivotal moments that can either rehabilitate a public figure’s reputation or irreversibly tarnish it. A carefully crafted apology must not only acknowledge the transgression but also demonstrate genuine remorse and a commitment to rectification. When Lizzo re-released her single GRRRLS after altering an ableist lyric, her response was lauded for its sincerity and swiftness. Unlike many public figures who resort to vague expressions of regret or defensive justifications, she provided a comprehensive statement that aligned with her well-established values of inclusivity and empowerment.

A crucial component of any effective apology is the explicit recognition of the mistake. Lizzo directly addressed the issue by affirming that she never intended to promote derogatory language, thereby clarifying her stance while accepting responsibility. Acknowledging an error in such a manner is essential, as it reinforces the idea that accountability is more valuable than self-preservation. When public figures attempt to deflect blame or dilute their culpability through passive language, their apologies ring hollow, further alienating the audience they seek to reconcile with. Many have fallen into this trap, issuing statements riddled with phrases like, “If I offended anyone,” which places the burden on the victim instead of the offender.

Equally important is the expression of genuine remorse, which distinguishes an authentic apology from a mere damage-control tactic. Lizzo’s statement conveyed an understanding of the profound impact words can have, particularly for marginalized communities. By referencing her own experiences with harmful language, she established an empathetic connection, ensuring her apology was perceived as heartfelt rather than obligatory. When celebrities do not demonstrate sincere contrition, their apologies seem mechanical, crafted solely to appease public outrage instead of fostering genuine understanding, meaningful reflection, or personal growth in response to criticism. Her approach prevented such skepticism by ensuring her words reflected a deeper comprehension of the issue at hand.

An apology devoid of meaningful action is ultimately ineffectual, as words alone cannot undo harm. By promptly revising the song’s lyrics and re-releasing it, Lizzo translated her apology into tangible change, demonstrating a willingness to learn from her misstep. Timeliness further cemented the efficacy of her response, as excessive delays often render apologies performative rather than reparative. This incident exemplifies how acknowledging an error, expressing remorse, and implementing corrective measures can collectively restore public trust, ensuring that a misstep becomes an opportunity for growth rather than an irreversible stain on one’s legacy.

(Adapted from The Conversation)

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an element of an effective celebrity apology?
A. expressing genuine remorse for the transgression committed
B. aligning the apology with personal values and beliefs
C. demonstrating a willingness to change public perception
D. acknowledging the mistake and taking responsibility for it

Question 24: The word "transgression" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. obedience B. integrity C. conformity D. violation

Question 25: The word "derogatory" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ________.
A. sarcastic B. complimentary C. offensive D. critical

Question 26: The word "its" in paragraph 1 refers to ________.
A. response B. ableist lyric C. genuine remorse D. single GRRRLS

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Celebrities often deliver public apologies that seem heartfelt but are actually attempts to protect their reputation, using public criticism as a way to gain sympathy.

B. When public figures are criticized, they frequently choose to remain silent or avoid acknowledging their mistakes, preferring to let the controversy pass rather than offering apologies.

C. Apologies from celebrities are usually sincere efforts to engage with public concern, demonstrating their desire to learn from mistakes, show personal growth, and build stronger trust with their audience.

D. When famous people apologize without real remorse, their words feel insincere and aimed only at calming public anger rather than showing true understanding or self-improvement.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. An apology without explicit recognition of wrongdoing can still be effective if it includes reassurances and promises for the future.

B. Lizzo's apology was criticized for lacking immediacy and failing to demonstrate a clear understanding of the harm caused.

C. Public figures can rebuild trust more effectively by focusing on self-preservation rather than openly admitting fault.

D. Lizzo's reference to her personal experiences with harmful language helped convey empathy and deepen the sincerity of her apology.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention a causal relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention how some individuals use language that subtly deflects blame rather than taking full responsibility?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage about Google and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Google Translate has recently undergone a significant transformation by integrating a neural network into its translation framework, allowing it to process entire sentences rather than fragmented words or isolated phrases. This advanced system facilitates a more context-aware approach, enabling a higher degree of linguistic accuracy across multiple language pairs. A remarkable breakthrough of this neural translation model is its capacity to translate between two languages it has not been explicitly trained on, leveraging previously acquired linguistic structures. For instance, if the system has learned to translate between English and Japanese, as well as English and Korean, it can extrapolate this knowledge to translate directly between Japanese and Korean without resorting to English as an intermediary language.

This phenomenon, known as zero-shot translation, suggests that the system has devised an internal method of representing sentences with equivalent meanings in a shared linguistic space, bypassing conventional intermediary translation. Researchers at Google postulate that the system has developed an “interlingua,” a latent, abstract language that allows it to identify deep structural commonalities across otherwise unrelated languages. Though this artificial intermediary is neither readable nor comprehensible to humans, its existence underscores the system's ability to discern linguistic parallels on a fundamental level. Despite the promising nature of zero-shot translation, experts concede that it has yet to achieve the accuracy of conventional translation methods, where sentences are first rendered in an intermediary language before being translated into the target language.

The ramifications of neural machine translation transcend mere efficiency enhancements, as this breakthrough may expedite the extensive expansion of translation capabilities, accommodating an increasingly vast array of languages with unprecedented scalability. Kyunghyun Cho, a prominent researcher in the field, anticipates that a single neural model will soon be capable of translating between more than a hundred languages with minimal human intervention. With Google Translate already processing over 140 billion words per day, this technological advancement has the potential to revolutionize global communication by mitigating linguistic barriers more seamlessly than ever before. Nevertheless, while neural translation has demonstrated remarkable progress, it remains constrained by certain limitations that prevent it from fully replicating the expertise of a skilled human translator. Those who can read between the lines may recognize that, despite its sophistication, machine translation still lacks a crucial human element.

[I] Although artificial intelligence can proficiently handle straightforward translations, it continues to struggle with the complexities of linguistic nuance, cultural context, and stylistic variation. [II] A human translator possesses an intuitive grasp of idiomatic expressions, connotations, and domain-specific terminology, elements that remain elusive to machines. [III] According to Andrejs Vasiļjevs, a researcher specializing in neural translation for Baltic languages, future advancements must incorporate broader world knowledge and subject-specific expertise to refine interpretative accuracy. [IV]

(Adapted from New Scientist)

Question 31: Where in paragraph 4 does the following sentence best fit?

"Until neural translation systems can assimilate and apply such depth of understanding, human translators will remain indispensable for intricate, context-sensitive, and stylistically demanding translation tasks."

A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 32: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of zero-shot translation?

A. It eliminates the need for an intermediary language in translation
B. It has not yet surpassed traditional translation methods in accuracy
C. It creates a fully human-readable language for universal communication
D. It identifies structural similarities between languages that are unrelated

Question 33: The word "concede" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ________.

A. deny firmly B. acknowledge reluctantly
C. accept partially D. admit after hesitation

Question 34: Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Neural machine translation enhances efficiency and may soon replace human translators entirely, as advancements allow it to process over 140 billion words daily and scale across multiple languages without significant limitations or human involvement.

B. While neural machine translation enhances efficiency and scalability, it has not yet reached the level of human expertise, highlighting both its revolutionary potential and its current limitations.

C. Although neural machine translation has made notable progress, its overall impact remains limited, as it still faces major challenges in expanding beyond a small number of widely spoken languages, preventing it from becoming a truly universal translation tool.

D. Google Translate’s neural machine translation has significantly improved global communication, as it now accurately processes numerous languages and eliminates the need for human translators by overcoming linguistic barriers with flawless precision.

Question 35: The phrase "read between the lines" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ________.

A. infer deeper significance based on assumptions and personal bias
B. discern underlying meanings that are not directly stated
C. analyze the explicit meaning of a statement
D. ignore hidden implications and focus on surface details

Question 36: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. On no account should neural machine translation be viewed as merely an efficiency tool, since it primarily aims to refine language comprehension rather than expand translation capabilities.

B. The primary benefit of neural machine translation lies in its ability to speed up translation processes, while its impact on the expansion of language translation remains uncertain and requires further development.

C. While neural machine translation improves efficiency, its ability to scale up and accommodate a growing number of languages is still limited and depends on future technological advancements.

D. Neural machine translation’s influence surpasses mere efficiency, expediting the widespread advancement of translation frameworks adept at accommodating an ever-expanding spectrum of languages.

Question 37: The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. neural network B. Google Translate
C. translation framework D. significant transformation

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Thanks to advancements in efficiency, neural translation surpasses conventional methods in accuracy, as it can interpret linguistic nuances and stylistic variations without requiring human expertise.

B. Google Translate’s neural network enhances accuracy across languages, but experts believe its current reliance on intermediary languages hinders its ability to recognize structural similarities effectively.

C. Neural machine translation enables seamless multilingual communication and has eliminated the need for intermediary languages, making human translators redundant in complex linguistic and cultural contexts.

D. Zero-shot translation enables neural machine translation systems to process multiple languages without relying on an intermediary language, suggesting the development of an abstract interlingua.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Google’s translation system proves that language structures are universally identical, making it easier for AI to interpret and translate between unrelated languages accurately.

B. The development of interlingua suggests that AI translation systems can now accurately translate between any two languages without prior training or limitations.

C. Neural translation advancements may reduce language barriers, yet achieving human-like fluency in complex contexts remains a significant challenge for artificial intelligence.

D. Zero-shot translation simplifies multilingual communication, yet its reliance on an unreadable interlingua limits its ability to improve conventional translation accuracy.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Despite its recent integration of neural networks, Google Translate remains an inefficient tool for global communication, as it still relies heavily on outdated translation methods and fails to improve its overall accuracy.

B. The rise of neural machine translation has significantly improved global communication, as AI can now process multiple languages with near-human precision, effectively eliminating the need for human translators by addressing cultural and linguistic nuances through advanced computational learning models and extensive training.

C. Neural machine translation is revolutionizing communication by translating between languages without explicit training, yet despite its efficiency, AI still fails to match human expertise in idiomatic expressions, domain-specific terminology, and cultural interpretation, making further advancements necessary for complete linguistic accuracy.

D. Neural machine translation enhances efficiency and enables multilingual communication, yet it still struggles with linguistic nuances, cultural context, and stylistic complexity, preventing it from fully replicating the expertise of human translators despite advancements in zero-shot translation and interlingua development.