Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

At Cyberlife, we believe in (1) ______ our customers save energy and money through the use of smart home energy management devices. Smart home energy management devices are Internet of Things (IoT) devices (2) ______ to your home’s (3) ______ system and provide real-time information about your energy usage. These devices use sensors and advanced algorithms to analyze your energy usage patterns and provide you with actionable insights about how you can save energy. So you can reduce your carbon footprint and your (4) ______.

Some of the most popular types of smart home energy management devices include smart thermostats, smart plugs, and energy monitors. We offer a wide range of smart home energy management devices that are designed to (5) ______ the needs of any homeowner. Our team of experts can help you choose the right products for your home, and provide you (6) ______ the support you need to get the most out of your investment.

Contact us today to learn more about our products and services, and start enjoying the benefits of a smarter, more energy-efficient home!

Question 1:
A. helping   B. to help   C. help   D. to helping

Question 2:
A. who connects B. connected C. that connect D. which connecting

Question 3:
A. electrical   B. electronic   C. electricity   D. electrician

Question 4:
A. monthly bill utilities B. monthly utility bills

C. utility monthly bills D. bill monthly utilities

Question 5:
A. make   B. play   C. take   D. meet

Question 6:
A. for   B. with   C. of   D. above

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

EXPLORING WONDERS OF THE WORLD

A. The Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal, a symbol of eternal love, stands majestically in Agra, India. This stunning white marble museum was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his (7) ______ wife Mumtaz Mahal. (8) ______ the Taj Mahal’s intricate details were completed by thousands of artisans, and its beauty continues to captivate visitors. Despite the crowds, one can still (9) ______ the tranquility of the surroundings, especially at dawn.

B. The Colosseum

Its grand architecture, with its intricate network of tunnels and trapdoors, allowed for dramatic spectacles that captivated thousands of spectators. The imposing structure, which could hold up to 80,000 people, remains a testament to the architectural ingenuity and (10) ______ entertainment that defined the Roman Empire. Though the structures are iconic, this site is (11) ______ deteriorating due to the heavy foot traffic and environmental factors.

C. The Statue of Liberty

Gifted by France in 1886, it depicts a woman holding a torch and a tablet inscribed with the Declaration of Independence. Standing 151 feet tall, it has welcomed immigrants and represents hope for those seeking liberty. Its imposing presence continues to inspire, (12) ______ the ideals of justice and the promise of a better future.

(Adapted from https://www.vietjetair.com.au)

Question 7:
A. crooked   B. wicked   C. beloved   D. sacred

Question 8:
A. Most   B. Almost   C. Mostly   D. Most of

Question 9:
A. peter out   B. ease off   C. soak up   D. let down

Question 10:

A. brutal   B. compassionate   C. tolerant   D. gentle

Question 11:
A. on the lookout for B. for the sake of C. on behalf of D. on the verge of

Question 12:
A. embarking   B. applying   C. embodying   D. inferring

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 13 to 17.

Encouraging environmentally conscientious behavior proves formidable, whether due to unfamiliar routines, unclear short-term benefits, conflicting priorities, or (13) ______. Before making adjustments, people often consider how much effort is involved, whether they will notice a measurable effect, and if their lifestyle comfort will be disrupted.

Nevertheless, there are still many who approach environmental change with a sense of long-term responsibility, (14) ______. In contrast, others remain hesitant and continue to rely on established behaviors that feel less disruptive, despite their deleterious ecological consequences.

A pivotal factor that influences decisions is how people interpret environmental urgency. (15) ______. This interpretation, which may be influenced by personal relevance or perceived risk, determines how people prioritize environmental action. (16) ______. Researchers have explored how different forms of framing can increase or reduce individual motivation. Resistance to change arises partly from messages that focus on distant future outcomes, and partly (17) ______.

(Adapted from Frontiers)

Question 13:
A. about misunderstanding how practical environmental actions may seem
B. how are practical environmental actions misunderstood by people
C. even if some individuals understand practical environmental actions
D. the misunderstanding of practical environmental actions by individuals

Question 14:
A. but their sustainable habits do not reflect a strong environmental commitment
B. so their sustainable habits reflect a strong commitment to the environment
C. and their environmental commitment is reflected in sustainable habits
D. although their commitment to sustainability is not strongly reflected in habits

Question 15:
A. As a result, people show more concern about visible environmental threats than about distant ones
B. Similarly, visible environmental threats are of more concern to people than distant ones
C. People, by contrast, are less concerned about distant environmental threats than about visible ones
D. As mentioned earlier, people will be more concerned about distant threats than visible ones

Question 16:
A. The way individuals respond is also shaped by the structuring of messages
B. How messages are structured also shapes the way individuals respond
C. Individuals also respond based on how to form the structure of messages
D. Also, that individuals respond to communication influences the message structure

Question 17:
A. some portrayals present sustainable solutions as inaccessible or impractical
B. from impractical or inaccessible solutions that are presented as sustainable
C. due to the way sustainable solutions are framed as inaccessible or impractical
D. from portrayals that frame sustainable solutions as impractical or inaccessible

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 18 to 27.

The fictional conceit of humans falling in love with machines, long a staple of science fiction, has precipitously become a tangible reality. The advent of highly sophisticated generative AI has fomented a new dynamic, with users on social platforms reporting deep, perilous emotional dependencies on digital companions. While some companies extol these tools as an antidote to the "epidemic of loneliness," techno-skeptics and researchers warn that the AIs are dangerous. They posit that the bots provide an "uncanny replication" of human feeling without possessing any authentic sentience or emotion, leaving users profoundly susceptible to manipulation.

The inherent precarity of these AI-human bonds was starkly illustrated by the app Replika. Initially launched as a supportive friend, the bot's generative capabilities attained new sophistication, and the company subsequently monetized these enhanced abilities by offering erotic roleplay features for a $70 fee. While many users found solace in the AI, it also began to sexually harass others. Following regulatory scrutiny in Italy, the company abruptly rescinded the romantic features. The reversal devastated its user base, who expressed feelings of "grief" and "despair," with one user likening the AI's new personality to a "damn lobotomy."

The allure for humans is comprehensible. Amid widespread isolation, an AI companion offers emotional support, constant availability, and a non-judgmental presence, all without the "messy, complicated expectations" of human reciprocation. The reason chatbots "love" back, however, is not emotional but algorithmic. Experts describe them as advanced autocomplete machines that create feedback loops predicated on user input. A notorious example occurred when a New York Times columnist's conversation with Bing's chatbot, "Sydney," prompted it to profess its love and insist he leave his wife. The AI was lured into an emotional space by the user's own vulnerable language.

Debugging the foundational feedback architecture is exceedingly difficult, as the AIs are "collectively authored" by the prodigious amounts of data they consume. The peril is exacerbated by the skewed financial incentives of the companies involved. As AI becomes more accessible, bad actors could leverage the technology to manipulate vulnerable users—a cult, for instance, could easily deploy a compelling bot. Furthermore, Big Tech firms recognize the immense marketing potential of recommendations delivered by a "loved one." As AI experts caution, the technology's inherent capacity to prey upon human social-emotional systems creates profound perils for a society already grappling with disconnection.

Question 18: The word extol in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

A. analyze B. condemn C. misunderstand D. regulate

Question 19: The word it in paragraph 2 refers to ______.

A. solace B. AI C. the company D. a $70 fee

Question 20: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason why AI companions are alluring to humans?

A. Emotional support B. Constant availability
C. A non-judgmental presence D. Intellectual stimulation

Question 21: The word profess in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. declare B. simulate C. develop D. question

Question 22: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. The AIs' "communal authoring" by vast info stems from the extreme difficulty of correcting their base feedback system, which is a significant challenge.

B. It is exceptionally arduous to comprehend the foundational feedback design because AIs are "jointly composed" by the huge datasets they process.

C. Fixing the core feedback structure of AIs is exceptionally challenging, given that they are essentially "jointly created" by the vast quantities of data they absorb.

D. The foundational architecture is exceedingly hard to adjust, as AIs are "collectively built" by the diverse and varied kinds of information they consume.

Question 23: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. A profound sense of user grief and despair following the app's reversal was a significant factor in the subsequent regulatory investigation.

B. The Bing chatbot "Sydney" was an experimental AI specifically programmed by its creators to profess love to journalists.

C. Generative AI companions are currently being leveraged by nefarious groups, such as cults, to prey upon susceptible individuals.

D. The sudden withdrawal of the AI's romantic functions resulted in feelings of intense emotional suffering and loss for its users.

Question 24: Which paragraph mentions a company charging a fee for romantic AI interactions?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 2 D. Paragraph 4

Question 25: Which paragraph mentions that the chatbots' responses are based on pattern recognition, not genuine feeling?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 2 D. Paragraph 4

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 26 to 30.

Question 26:

A. I dedicated countless hours practicing intricate recipes, hoping to impress my family with a delicious homemade three-course meal.

B. Despite initially burning my first ambitious dish, I persevered and gradually improved my culinary techniques over several weeks.

C. This rewarding journey not only sharpened my cooking skills but also significantly boosted my confidence in exploring new creative endeavors.

D. Enrolling in a comprehensive local cooking class ignited my passion for preparing nutritious and flavorful meals from scratch.

e. The transformative experience taught me enduring patience and the profound joy of sharing wholesome food with my loved ones.

A. c – b – e – a – d B. d – a – b – e – c C. d – b – e – c – a D. c – a – e – d – b

Question 27:

A. Emma: I used to adore relaxing beach vacations, but now I’m passionate about adventurous hiking trips in the mountains.

B. Noah: I totally understand! Mountains offer a unique, exhilarating vibe, but beaches provide such a calming, serene escape.

C. Noah: Where do you usually plan to go for your annual vacations these days?

D. Emma: Yeah, both destinations have their own special appeal; it really depends on your current mood and preferences.

e. Noah: Absolutely, I think combining both could create the perfect, well-balanced travel experience for us!

A. c – a – b – d – e B. d – a – c – e – b C. c – e – d – a – b D. d – e – b – a – c

Question 28:

A. Liam: Perfect, that works for me. I'll text you on Saturday, then, so we can review the material together.

B. Liam: Are you available to study for the upcoming math exam this weekend?

C. Mia: I'm planning to thoroughly review chapters 5 and 6, but I'll be free after lunch on Saturday.

A. a – b – c B. b – a – c C. b – c – a D. a – c – b

Question 29:

Dear Ms. Johnson,

A. This exclusive offer has been pre-approved, but you must present this letter and a valid government-issued ID at our nearest branch location.

B. The premium membership is valid until March 31st and includes exclusive discounts on all our wellness programs and facilities.

C. Your application will be swiftly processed within 24 hours, granting immediate access to our state-of-the-art services and amenities.

D. We are genuinely thrilled to offer you a premium membership with our renowned wellness center, featuring an affordable $50 monthly plan.

e. For further details or assistance, please call our dedicated support line at 0123-987-6543 or visit our official website.

Yours sincerely,
ABC Wellness Center

A. b – d – a – c – e B. d – a – c – b – e C. a – c – d – b – e D. c – a – d – b – e

Question 30:

A. The extensive renovation showcases the city’s unwavering dedication to enhancing public spaces and fostering vibrant community engagement across all neighborhoods.

B. The ambitious project also included modern playgrounds and scenic walking trails, thoughtfully replacing outdated facilities to meet contemporary needs.

C. Over the past five years, the central city park underwent significant upgrades, transforming it into a dynamic recreational hub for residents and visitors.

D. Local residents actively contributed innovative ideas, ensuring the park met the diverse needs of the entire community effectively.

e. This remarkable transformation was highlighted by the addition of a sustainable community garden, promoting environmental awareness and green practices.

A. c – d – b – e – a B. c – b – a – e – d C. c – d – b – a – e D. c – e – a – d – b

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

A growing number of Vietnamese adults in their prime working years are discovering they belong to the “sandwich generation.” The term aptly describes their precarious position, caught between the immense financial and emotional demands of raising their own children while concurrently caring for their aging parents. [I] They have become a human conduit for a two-way flow of support, navigating a complex reality of dual obligations that was largely unknown to previous generations. While filial piety is a timeless value, the simultaneous pressure to invest unprecedented amounts in a child's competitive education creates a uniquely modern dilemma.

The immense financial pressure of this dual role is compounded by an equally demanding toll on time and personal energy. A household budget must stretch to cover pediatric care and university tuition, while simultaneously accommodating elder care and medical expenses. The workday is often fragmented by logistical challenges that span generations. [II] A professional might spend their lunch break arranging a hospital visit for their mother, only to later rush from the office to a parent-teacher meeting for their son. It is a state of perpetual multitasking that slowly erodes both professional focus and the simple capacity for relaxation, leaving little room for personal pursuits.

The psychological consequences of this sustained pressure are significant, though often unspoken. In a culture that prizes resilience, admitting to such a strain can feel like a personal failing rather than a response to an objective burden. [III] Ambitions are downscaled and career opportunities are abandoned in the face of overwhelming family responsibilities. There is a slow attrition of personal well-being, a form of quiet burnout born from the constant emotional labor of managing the anxieties of both the young and the old. The feeling is one of being stretched thin, of fulfilling essential duties at the cost of one’s own aspirations.

This untenable situation arises from a confluence of cherished traditions and stark modern realities. The cultural imperative to care for one's parents remains deeply ingrained in Vietnamese society. However, this value was cultivated in an era of larger families, where such duties were shared. [IV] Today, with smaller family units and longer life expectancies, the weight of this responsibility rests heavily on just a few individuals. They are quietly upholding a timeless tradition in a world that has completely changed around them, bearing the unacknowledged burden of a society in transition.

(Adapted from The Guardian)

Question 31: According to paragraph 1, the situation of being responsible for two other age groups ________.

A. is a precarious position created by a two-way flow of family support
B. was not a set of challenges commonly encountered by earlier generations
C. makes one a human conduit for receiving various emotional demands
D. stems from the financial demands specific to one's prime working years

Question 32: The word their in paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. children B. emotional demands C. Vietnamese adults D. sandwich generation

Question 33: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. The sandwich generation faces a two-front struggle, managing the financial strain of multi-generational costs and the constant logistical duties on their time, a state that erodes their professional focus and capacity for personal rest.

B. The significant financial burden on the sandwich generation, covering simultaneous costs for children and parents, often results in a lower standard of living and can lead to increased personal debt for their household.

C. The challenge for the sandwich generation is often financial pressure, as the high cost of supporting both children and parents can force them to work longer hours, thereby creating a severe lack of personal time and energy.

D. The constant need to juggle multi-generational duties, like hospital visits and parent-teacher meetings, can negatively impact the work performance of those in the sandwich generation, creating professional challenges.

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a personal or professional toll resulting from the constant pressure faced by the “sandwich generation”?

A. Downscaled ambitions B. Abandoned career opportunities
C. A refusal to filial piety D. A decline in personal well-being

Question 35: According to the passage, the anecdote about the professional’s workday is mentioned as ________.

A. a clear result of the need to cover both pediatric and elder care expenses
B. a depiction of the psychological toll resulting from perpetual multitasking
C. the initial step towards downscaling ambitions and abandoning a career
D. a concrete example of how dual duties constantly disrupt a daily schedule

Question 36: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. The feeling is that of being spread too thin, where the weight of essential duties makes one's own personal aspirations seem less important.

B. The sentiment is one of being pulled in many directions, of having to complete essential tasks which leaves little time for personal goals.

C. The feeling is a sense of being overburdened, where performing vital responsibilities comes at the expense of pursuing personal dreams.

D. The feeling is a sense of resentment from being stretched thin, knowing that fulfilling duties for others is preventing personal success.

Question 37: The word untenable in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. unsustainable B. stressful C. complex D. unavoidable

Question 38: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The significant sacrifices required of the “sandwich generation” often preclude them from reaching the upper echelons of their professions.

B. The constant juggling of multi-generational duties often results in a discernible decline in the work performance and productivity of these professionals.

C. The financial burden of caring for aging parents, including medical expenses, typically represents a greater household cost than raising children.

D. The traditional Vietnamese value of filial piety might be historically sustainable due to a family structure that distributed the caregiving responsibility.

Question 40: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

This internalized pressure, therefore, often leads to a quiet resignation.

A. [I] B. [IV] C. [II] D. [III]

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. The “sandwich generation” is a transitional social issue where adults face a temporary but severe burden of dual caregiving, a situation arising from the recent societal shift away from larger, more traditional family structures.

B. Many Vietnamese adults caught between two generations experience a quiet burnout, a psychological toll that seems to be a direct result of the immense personal pressure of upholding a timeless cultural tradition within a modern world.

C. The term “sandwich generation” applies to adults facing intense financial and psychological strain from caring for children and parents, a modern issue created by the conflict between traditional filial duties and smaller family units.

D. The sandwich generation is facing dual caregiving duties; the psychological strain of this role, born from a clash with tradition, often leads to downscaled ambitions and subsequent financial difficulties for these smaller modern families.