BỘ 50 ĐỀ THI MINH HOẠ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT TIẾNG ANH NĂM 2026 (BẢN WORD CÓ ĐÁP ÁN) - ĐỀ 31

(Đề thi có ... trang)

Môn thi: Tiếng Anh

Năm 2026

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Họ, tên thí sinh:

Số báo danh:

Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

“Green” Posts, Real Waste: The Refill Trend and Its Blind Spots

Refill stations and “bring-your-own” culture are spreading fast—from shampoo bars to coffee cups—yet local waste teams say the trash problem is not shrinking as quickly as people think. One reason is “wish-cycling”: (1) __________ items into recycling bins because they feel recyclable, even when they are not. Another is the flood of cheap “eco” products that break after a few uses, pushing households back to throwaway habits over time.

To reduce confusion, the city has published an (2) __________ for sorting common packaging at home. It focuses on labels people often misread, such as “biodegradable,” “compostable,” and “recyclable,” which do not always mean the same thing. Officials also ask residents to avoid (3) __________ food containers before checking if local facilities can actually process them.

Online clips (4) __________ as “zero-waste proof” may skip the messy details: water use, shipping, and how long an item lasts. If you are unsure, hotline staff can direct callers (5) __________ verified drop-off points in your district. The most effective change is not perfection—it is the ability to (6) __________ to one realistic habit and repeat it.

Question 1: A. tosses        B. toss        C. tossed        D. tossing

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Question 2: A. household guide waste        B. waste household guide

C.  
guide household waste        D. household waste guide

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Question 3: A. rinsing        B. rinse        C. rinsed        D. to rinse

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Question 4: A. labeling        B. labelled        C. to label        D. label

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Question 5: A. for        B. with        C. into        D. to

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Question 6: A. keep        B. carry        C. follow        D. stick

 

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Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

LEARN FOR LIFE – Small Steps, Big Change!

Flexible learning for real life

(7) __________ tight working hours, many learners still find 30 minutes a day to study. That is why we offer short evening classes, weekend workshops, and audio lessons you can use on the bus.

Pick your path

Start with one course, then choose (8) __________ when you feel ready. We also provide a (9) __________ practical modules: basic computer use, CV writing, public speaking, and money management.

Support that keeps you going

You are not alone. Our mentors will check in weekly and help you stay motivated. Scan the QR code to (10) __________ for a free trial week.

Your next step

Your learning (11) __________ begins with a simple decision today. Join us and build (12) __________ skills for work, family, and personal well-being!

Hotline: 1800-123-456 | Location: District Learning Center | Fee: Free/Low-cost

Question 7: A. In spite of        B. Because of        C. In addition to        D. Due to

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Question 8: A. other        B. another        C. the other        D. others

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Question 9: A. amount of        B. level of        C. range of        D. deal of

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Question 10: A. sign up        B. take off        C. turn down        D. look after

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Question 11: A. routine        B. commute        C. journey        D. discount

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Question 12: A. fragile        B. accidental        C. sleepy        D. future-ready

 

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Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

A. Noah: That’s why I still carry cash—going fully cashless can lock people out.

B. Maya: The subway app is down, so I can’t tap my phone to pay.

C. Maya: True. Maybe cards and cash should stay as a backup, not disappear.

A.  a – b – c        B. b – a – c        C. b – c – a        D. c – b – a

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Question 14:

A. Jordan: If you use “pay in 4,” have you checked the late fees and what happens if a payment fails?

B. Ella: I’m tempted to grab those headphones—checkout keeps flashing “split into 4 payments.”

C. Ella: It says “0% interest,” but I could still get hit with fees if I’m late, and it might mess up my budget.

D. Jordan: Right—set calendar reminders, link it to your budget app, and only use it for something you’d buy anyway.

e. Ella: You’re right. I’ll wait until payday and compare prices first, then decide calmly.

A.  a – b – c – d – e        B. b – a – c – d – e        C. b – c – a – d – e        D. b – a – d – c – e

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Question 15:

Dear Priya,

A. Some passengers welcomed the change, believing it would help prevent fake IDs and make it harder for criminals to slip through unnoticed.

B. Yesterday at the train station, I noticed a new high-tech gate that scans passengers' faces instead of checking physical tickets.

C. Yet not everyone felt at ease — a man nearby expressed concern about possible data leaks, and an elderly lady quietly asked whether people could choose to opt out.

D. The system moved the crowd along quickly, but it also left me with an uneasy feeling: being tracked without consent, even for a daily commute, feels oddly intrusive.

e. I walked away thinking that while digital ID systems offer clear benefits, they must be guided by strict rules and respect people's right to choose.

Best,
Linh

A.  b – a – d – c – e        B. b – d – a – c – e        C. d – b – a – c – e        D. b – d – c – a – e

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Question 16:

A. A friend of mine showed up in what looked like a simple sweater — she called the brand 'private,' but the price tag alone could have covered my monthly rent.

B. I've always appreciated understated fashion, but moments like that make me question whether we're valuing comfort — or silently competing over hidden price tags.

C. Quiet luxury has quietly taken over my classroom: plain logos, muted colors, and that carefully curated look of "effortless" style that floods social media.

D. The unspoken effect? Some students began comparing wallets in secret; even affordable outfits started to feel like something to hide.

e. Devotees argue that this aesthetic reflects true taste — buying fewer, better things, and rejecting the need for loud displays of wealth.

A.  c – a – e – d – b        B. c – e – a – d – b        C. e – c – a – b – d        D. c – e – d – a – b

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Question 17:

A. These apps save precious time — small noodle shops near my dorm still receive orders even on rainy days, which helps keep their staff employed and the local food scene alive.

B. However, the pile of plastic containers on my balcony grew unsettlingly fast; I also caught myself ordering salty midnight snacks more than proper meals, as endless scrolling made every craving feel urgent and irresistible.

C. Food delivery apps have transformed my quiet street into a bustling moving kitchen — with just a few taps, any busy evening can suddenly feel solvable.

D. These days, I stick to a simple "delivery budget," cook at least twice a week, and only open the app as a backup plan; convenience is wonderful, but daily habits ultimately decide the real cost.

e. During exam week last semester, my friends and I pooled a discount code, ordered together, and ate in the study room — for a moment, the glow of screens felt almost like warmth and company.

A.  c – e – a – b – d        B. c – a – e – b – d        C. a – c – e – b – d        D. c – a – b – e – d

 

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Outright misinformation may be rarer than we think, and it is only part of the problem when it comes to navigating fact and fiction. The bigger risk is treating “misinformation” as the main enemy while ignoring a second, equally serious error: discounting things that are true. If we focus solely on reducing belief in false content, we risk targeting one mistake at the expense of the other. Clamping down on misinformation can undermine belief in things that are true as well; (18) __________.

Often, it is not outright falsehoods that sow doubt online. (19) __________. In other words, it’s not always the underlying facts that are false, but the beliefs derived from them. What matters is the flawed assumptions hiding among voluminous facts: skewed framing, sleight of hand, cherry-picked data, or muddled claims of cause and effect. Calling information that is technically accurate untrue merely (20) __________.

(21) __________. Moving away from the “tsunami of falsehoods” idea, the focus should be on giving people conceptual tools to interpret information better, instead of issuing blanket warnings (22) __________.

[Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/]

Question 18: 

A.  whereas the easiest way to avoid being misled by false data is you never believe anything

B.  because of the fact that believing in true things is much more dangerous than believing in lies

C.  after all, the easiest way to never fall for misinformation is to simply never believe anything

D.  hence, the most effective strategy to avoid falling for misinformation is to doubt every piece of news

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Question 19:

A.  It is the absence of information that creates confusion among the readers who are seeking the absolute truth

B.  Misinterpretation of content is solely caused by the lack of voluminous facts provided by the primary sources
C. Factually accurate information can still be open to misinterpretation, and its impact may be larger than content flagged as false

D.  Content flagged as false has a larger impact than factually accurate information that is being open to misinterpretation

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Question 20: 

A.  undermines trust and distracts from the thornier reality of mistaken beliefs and misplaced trust

B.  because it undermines trust and distracts from the thornier reality of mistaken beliefs

C.  undermines and shifts attention away from the interpretive errors that facts alone cannot fix

D.  undermines trust in sources whom people rely on to interpret complex facts responsibly

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Question 21: 

A.  Instead of either embracing or shunning all that we see, the risk that comes with trusting something is correct should be managed by relying on broad accuracy labels

B.  Management of the risk that comes with trusting something is correct is better than either embracing or shunning all that we see because it reduces exposure to questionable content

C.  Because we either embrace or shun all that we see, we should manage the risk that comes with trusting something is correct as if accuracy alone settled interpretation

D.  Rather than either embracing or shunning all that we see, we should manage the risk that comes with trusting something is correct

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Question 22: 

A.  assume that most content is fabricated and ignore that accurate content requires critical thought

B.  that most content is made up or assuming accuracy means no further thought is needed

C.  assume the fabrication of most content or implying accurate content needs no critical thought

D.  which claim that most content is fabricated or they imply that accuracy is always guaranteed

 

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Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

How Social Media Reshaped the Stories We Look Up To

There was a time when the people we admired most were known to us personally, such as a parent, a teacher, or a community elder whose choices we had witnessed across years. Admiration was grounded in proximity and shared experience. Today, for a growing number of people, the figures they most admire are strangers encountered through a screen: influencers, content creators, and online celebrities whose carefully curated lives appear both aspirational and accessible. This shift is not merely cultural. It is psychological, and its consequences deserve serious examination.

Researchers in media psychology describe the emotional bonds that form between social media users and online personalities as parasocial relationships, connections that feel deeply personal yet remain fundamentally one-sided. The person being admired has no knowledge of the admirer; the relationship exists entirely in the mind of the observer. Studies published in Current Opinion in Psychology and PubMed confirm that these bonds activate the same neural pathways as genuine social relationships, which explains why they feel so real. Yet because they are built on curated content rather than lived experience, they are also inherently selective, since the audience sees only what the creator chooses to reveal.

This selective visibility distorts the nature of admiration itself. Traditional role models were admired for how they behaved under pressure, in private, and across time. Parasocial figures, by contrast, are admired for an image, one that is managed, edited, and strategically presented. When that image is the foundation of admiration, what is actually being admired is not a life, but a performance. Research consistently shows that this form of admiration is more susceptible to disillusionment and more likely to generate negative self-comparison than admiration rooted in real-world observation.

The stories we genuinely grow from are not always the most polished. They are the ones that show us how someone navigated uncertainty, handled failure, and kept going without an audience watching. Social media, for all its reach, tends to filter out precisely these moments, replacing the complexity of a real life with the coherence of a brand.

[Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X21001573]

Question 23: The word “curated” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.

A.  arranged        B. polished        C. recorded        D. selected

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Question 24: The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to __________.

A.  studies published in journals        B. parasocial relationships/bonds

C.  neural pathways                        D. creators’ revealed content

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Question 25: The word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A.  impervious        B. open        C. sensitive        D. likely

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Question 26: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of traditional role models as opposed to modern parasocial figures?

A.  Their actions were consistently observed over an extended period.

B.  Their responses to adversity were witnessed in person and in private settings.

C.  Their influence was primarily derived from an edited and managed public image.

D.  Their relationship with their admirers was built upon shared physical proximity.

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Question 27: What does the author imply about the relationship between "selective visibility" and the psychological well-being of the admirer?

A.  It provides a safer environment for social comparison than real-world observation.

B.  It enhances the authenticity of the bond because the audience only sees the best moments.

C.  It fosters a skewed perception that makes the observer more prone to feeling inadequate.

D.  It ensures that the admirer's brain activates neural pathways that prevent disillusionment.

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Question 28: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Broad though its influence may be, social media is inclined to omit such unpolished instances, effectively supplanting life’s nuances with a uniform branded identity.

B.  It is the far-reaching nature of social media that facilitates the integration of life’s intricacies into a seamless brand, rather than excluding them as perceived.

C.  Under no circumstances does the extensive reach of social media allow for the preservation of a brand's coherence unless real-life complexities are prioritized.

D.  Had social media not prioritized the coherence of a brand, its vast reach would have been insufficient to filter out the complexities inherent in authentic human experiences.

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Question 29: In which paragraph does the author suggest that the perceived intimacy between an audience and an online celebrity is a neurological illusion that lacks reciprocal awareness?

A.  Paragraph 1         B. Paragraph 2         C. Paragraph 3         D. Paragraph 4

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Question 30: In which paragraph does the author contrast the criteria for admiring traditional role models versus modern online personalities?

A.  Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

 

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Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Stolen Seasons: How China Turned a Shared Festival Into Its Own

Lunar New Year has never belonged to a single nation. Vietnamese families celebrate Tết, Koreans observe Seollal, and communities across Southeast Asia welcome the new lunar cycle with rituals shaped by their own histories. What they share is a regional inheritance, not a debt to China, even though China has often framed the season as exclusively Chinese.

The origin story looks less like a single “Chinese tradition” and more like a shared regional pattern built around the farming year. Early Han society formed in the Yellow River basin with dry field staples like millet and wheat, while many rituals now treated as Lunar New Year essentials align more naturally with wet rice cultures south of the Yangtze. In that southern world, seasonal transition, harvest gratitude, earth spirit worship, and ancestral feasting were already part of community life long before Han expansion absorbed those regions. Over time, what had multiple roots was repackaged as a single label, and the label became the story.

That matters because naming is power, and power often works through erasure. Once the holiday is constantly labeled “Chinese New Year,” Vietnam and Korea are quietly repositioned as cultures that merely received their most intimate rituals from China. This is not just semantic. A culture described as derivative is easier to politically pressure, because people are nudged to feel historical indebtedness toward the nation that claims ownership of their shared traditions. Erasure does not always look like censorship. Sometimes it looks like a “normal” name that leaves everyone else unnamed.

In the modern era, the most effective vehicle for this narrative is often not diplomacy. It is entertainment. Celebrities with massive youth followings post “Chinese New Year” greetings that flatten Tết into a Chinese label, with no recognition of Vietnam’s own name, rituals, or cultural framing. Repeated across platforms by admired public figures, the phrase becomes a default. It stops sounding like a claim and starts sounding like reality.

[I] Psychology has a name for this. The illusory truth effect describes how repetition increases perceived truth, even when the statement is inaccurate. Over time, the language itself does the work. What began as a casual caption becomes a cultural reclassification. The more often a generation sees the label, the more normal it feels, until correcting it starts to look like “overreacting,” and accepting it starts to look like “being reasonable.” That is Erasure in its most efficient form: not an argument you lose, but a premise you stop questioning. [II] 

 [III] When young Vietnamese fans defend idols who erase Tết under the banner of “Chinese New Year,” they are not only defending a celebrity. They are rehearsing a worldview in which their own culture is secondary, and where the right to name their most important festival no longer belongs to them. The most complete form of assimilation is not forced compliance. [IV] It is voluntary adoption. A generation that internalizes “Chinese New Year” as the default label is a generation that has accepted, in everyday language, what centuries of domination struggled to achieve.

Extra notes

Geography and agriculture tell a sharper version of the same story. Early Han society grew from the Yellow River basin, where dry-field farming dominated and staples like millet and wheat matched the climate. That setting does not naturally produce many of the wet-rice seasonal ideas tied to Lunar New Year practices in the south, such as rice-cycle symbolism, harvest offerings, earth spirit worship, and communal ancestral feasting.

Those rhythms fit far more closely with the world south of the Yangtze, where wet-rice agriculture shaped both livelihood and ritual long before Han expansion fully absorbed the region. Vietnamese traditions like the bánh chưng legend, associated with the Hùng Kings and steeped in wet-rice symbolism, read less like a borrowed northern custom and more like continuity from older southern agricultural civilizations.

Even classical texts complicate the usual Sinocentric narrative. Confucius, in records associated with ritual practice, describes southern farming peoples holding seasonal festivals around the lunar cycle to mark agricultural transition. The tone is observational, not proprietary. He is noticing a practice, not claiming it as the default “Chinese” norm. That detail matters, because it aligns with a broader historical pattern: as Han power expanded southward through centuries of conquest, settlement, and administrative absorption, local customs were increasingly folded into imperial culture, renamed, standardized, and then retroactively presented as native inheritance. 

[Adapted from Book of Rites and Cơ Sở Văn Hóa Việt Nam]

Question 31: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

That is why the backlash, and the defense against backlash, is so revealing.

A.  [I]         B. [II]         C. [III]         D. [IV]

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Question 32: The word "they" in paragraph 1 refers to __________.

A.  regional groups                B. Southeast Asian communities

C.  Lunar New Year rituals                D. Korean and Chinese nations

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Question 33: The phrase “repackaged as a single label” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.

A.  recorded as a local custom        B. reframed under one name

C.  preserved with full detail                    D. divided into many versions

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Question 34: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the original Lunar New Year rituals?

A.  They were deeply rooted in the agricultural cycles of wet rice cultures.

B.  They included activities like earth spirit worship and ancestral feasting.

C.  They originated primarily from the dry field staples of the Yellow River basin.

D.  They existed as part of community life before the expansion of Han society.

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Question 35: Which of the following best summarises the content of the third paragraph?

A.  Power works through naming and censorship to ensure that intimate rituals are received by Vietnam and Korea as a form of historical indebtedness.

B.  The persistent use of a specific label for the holiday functions as a tool of cultural erasure, making independent cultures appear secondary and derivative.

C.  Political pressure is the only way for a nation to claim ownership of shared traditions and leave other cultures unnamed in their intimate rituals.

D.  Semantic changes in cultural names are irrelevant to political power because erasure always looks like a normal name that everyone accepts as a reality.

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Question 36: The word "derivative" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A.  borrowed        B. original        C. familiar        D. similar

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Question 37: Based on the passage, what is the role of the "illusory truth effect" in the naming of the festival?

A.  It provides a psychological argument for celebrities to use accurate captions when greeting their fans during the holiday.

B.  It helps generations recognize that correcting a cultural label is a reasonable reaction to centuries of political domination.

C.  It makes a misleading label seem like an objective reality through constant repetition, eventually discouraging people from questioning it.

D.  It ensures that the right to name important festivals belongs to the youth who follow celebrities with massive online followings.

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Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  By using the term "Chinese New Year," famous people help the youth recognize that Tết and Chinese rituals share the same cultural framing and names.

B.  Influential figures contribute to the loss of cultural identity by categorizing Tết under a foreign name, thereby ignoring its unique Vietnamese characteristics.

C.  Famous individuals are effectively promoting Vietnamese rituals to the youth by using a label that flattens all regional names into one recognizable greeting.

D.  The youth follow celebrities who flatten the Chinese label into Tết, which encourages a wider recognition of Vietnam's own rituals and cultural names.

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Question 39: Which of the following can most likely be inferred from the passage?

A.  The Han expansion was successful because it provided a superior agricultural pattern compared to the wet rice cultures south of the Yangtze.

B.  Young Vietnamese fans who defend their idols' use of "Chinese New Year" are consciously trying to achieve what centuries of domination could not.

C.  Cultural ownership is often established through the control of everyday language and media rather than through official laws or physical force.

D.  If a statement is repeated often enough, it will eventually become a historical fact regardless of whether it aligns with ancient agricultural records.

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Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  The Lunar New Year is a shared regional inheritance that has been accurately preserved through the illusory truth effect by celebrities in the modern entertainment era.

B.  Vietnamese and Korean cultures should accept "Chinese New Year" as a default label to be reasonable and avoid overreacting to the historical roots of Han society.

C.  The naming of the Lunar New Year as "Chinese" acts as a tool of cultural erasure that ignores shared regional roots and nudges younger generations toward voluntary assimilation.

D.  Diplomacy and entertainment have successfully proven that the Yellow River basin is the single origin of all rituals practiced by wet rice cultures south of the Yangtze.

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